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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Nov 22;16(23):4002.
doi: 10.3390/nu16234002.

Does the Ketogenic Diet Mediate Inflammation Markers in Obese and Overweight Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Mariangela Rondanelli  1 , Clara Gasparri  2 , Martina Pirola  2 , Gaetan Claude Barrile  2 , Alessia Moroni  2 , Ignacio Sajoux  3 , Simone Perna  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Does the Ketogenic Diet Mediate Inflammation Markers in Obese and Overweight Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Mariangela Rondanelli et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Background/Objectives. The ketogenic diet has emerged as a potential treatment strategy for reducing inflammation. The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to look into how a ketogenic diet affects inflammatory biomarkers in persons who are overweight or obese. Methods. We conducted an extensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to find pertinent studies reporting changes in inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and cytokines after a ketogenic diet. Results. Seven randomized controlled trials involving 218 overweight or obese individuals who followed a ketogenic or control diet over 8 weeks to 2 years were included in the review, and five of those were considered for the meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were CRP and IL-6 levels. The results reported significant decreases after treatment for CRP (mean of -0.62 mg/dL (95% CI: -0.84, -0,40), and a slight, but not statistically significant, reduction in IL-6 (mean of -1.31 pg/mL (95% CI: -2.86, 0.25). Conclusions. The ketogenic diet could contribute to modulating inflammation in obese and overweight subjects.

Keywords: CRP; inflammation; ketogenic diet; ketones; obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ignacio Sajoux is employed by Pronokal Group. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of KD compared other type of diets on CRP [18,19,23,24].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of KD compared to other types of diet on IL6 [22,23].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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