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Review
. 2024 Nov 28;25(23):12784.
doi: 10.3390/ijms252312784.

The Involvement of Resolvins in Pathological Mechanisms of Periodontal Disease Associated with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Larisa Ghemiș  1 , Ancuta Goriuc  1 , Raluca Jipu  2 , Liliana Georgeta Foia  1 , Ionut Luchian  3
Affiliations
Review

The Involvement of Resolvins in Pathological Mechanisms of Periodontal Disease Associated with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Larisa Ghemiș et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Resolvins are specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) derived from omega-3 fatty acids that play a critical role in resolving inflammation and restoring tissues to a state of health after an immune response. Their role in chronic inflammatory conditions highlights their importance in maintaining a balance between an effective immune response and the resolution of inflammation to prevent tissue damage. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth, leading to gum damage and bone loss. Chronic inflammation in periodontal disease can exacerbate systemic inflammation and influence other conditions, such as diabetes. There is a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease, as both are characterized by chronic inflammation and exacerbate systemic and oral health complications. This narrative review aims to synthesize the current knowledge on how resolvins influence inflammatory pathways and the tissue repair mechanism in periodontal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, this review serves as a foundation for developing targeted therapeutic strategies, addressing the pressing need for effective treatments that consider both systemic and oral health outcomes.

Keywords: inflammation; periodontal disease; resolvins; type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The mechanisms underlying the relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease: increased inflammatory response, oral microbiome modulation, and oxidative stress. Created in BioRender. Ghemis, L. (2024) BioRender.com/w90x393.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The contribution of resolvins to the modulation of inflammatory responses: resolvins decrease neutrophil infiltration, stimulate macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils, reduce the release of NETs by neutrophils, and lower the expression and secretion of cytokines. Created in BioRender. Ghemis, L. (2024) BioRender.com/q63g293.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The interrelationship between resolvins, periodontal disease, and type 2 diabetes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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