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. 2024 Dec 7;17(23):6002.
doi: 10.3390/ma17236002.

Synthetic Aggregates and Bituminous Materials Based on Industrial Waste

Alexandrina Nan  1 , Cristina Dima  2 , Marinela Ghita  2 , Iolanda-Veronica Ganea  1   3 , Teodora Radu  1 , Alexander Bunge  1
Affiliations

Synthetic Aggregates and Bituminous Materials Based on Industrial Waste

Alexandrina Nan et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The transition to a circular economy requires new materials and products with new production designs, technologies, and processes. In order to create new materials with physico-chemical qualities suitable for application in the building materials engineering sector, stone dust and polymer waste-two environmentally hazardous industrial wastes-were combined in this study. The materials obtained were evaluated based on an analysis performed using the Micro-Deval test. The results obtained showed a Micro-Deval coefficient value of 7.7%, indicating that these artificial aggregates can replace the natural aggregates used in road construction. Additionally, it was shown that the stone dust used could be applied as a sorbent for dyes without later leaching this dye from the final synthetic stones. Another category of materials that meets the principles of the circular economy and was developed in this study is bituminous mastic, which is currently used for the hot sealing of joints in road infrastructure. For this purpose, a composite material was developed using stone dust and cooking oil to replace the filler, a non-regenerable source used for obtaining bituminous mixtures. Specific standard methods were used to assess the degree to which the new materials approach the behavior of commercially available products.

Keywords: bituminous mastic; circular economy; industrial waste; stone dust.

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Conflict of interest statement

Iolanda-Veronica Ganea is an employee of MDPI; however, she did not work for the journal Materials at the time of submission and publication.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the steps necessary to carry out the proposed study. In the first stage, the bituminous materials will be prepared. Characterization of the materials obtained will be performed, and based on the results achieved, the preparation method will be optimized. Evaluation of mechanical performance and durability by specific testing protocols will be performed. The arrows between stage blocks indicate the feedback loop for material preparation and testing. After their evaluations, the most promising materials for the targeted applications will be selected.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Stone dust (a), stone dust after CV adsorption (b), example of the S2 synthetic aggregates (c), example of synthetic aggregates with CV-embedded stone dust (d).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Direct comparison of dissipation module G″ and storage module G′ for M4 and M6 and commercial mastic (CM).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Exemplification for testing selected compositions in exposure conditions similar to real-life ones: variations in temperature, pressure, and mechanical vibrations.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Determination of the softening point using a ball (a) and ring (b), according to SR EN 1427:2002. The determined soaking point is the temperature at which the bituminous material with added waste under standard test conditions reaches the specified consistency.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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