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. 2024 Nov 29;13(23):7283.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13237283.

Prevalence of Oral Diseases and the Influence of the Presence of Overweight/Obesity in Schoolchildren Population in Mallorca

Irene Coll  1   2 , Daniela Vallejos  1   2 , Raúl Cuesta  1   2 , Jorge Domínguez  1   2 , Pilar Tomás  1   2 , Nora López-Safont  1   2   3
Affiliations

Prevalence of Oral Diseases and the Influence of the Presence of Overweight/Obesity in Schoolchildren Population in Mallorca

Irene Coll et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: The pediatric population is one of the social groups most affected by oral pathology, and overweight and/or obesity is increasingly frequently observed. This work presents a study of the prevalence of oral disease in the school population in Mallorca and its relationship with overweight/obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 718 students aged 5-6 (n = 255), 12 (n = 230) and 15 years (n = 233). The WHO criteria for diagnosing and coding examined teeth and overweight/obesity prevalence values. To explore the differences in data, the mean was analyzed using the Student's t-test or a one-way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni post hoc analysis. Results: Results found that students aged 15 years have a caries prevalence rate of 45.49%, higher than those aged 12 (27.39%). The presence of dental calculus in 15-year-old students is 52.8%, even higher than in 12-year-olds (30%). Students aged 6 and 12 with lower weight percentiles have fewer healthy teeth than those with higher percentiles. Conclusions: The schoolchildren have experienced a decrease in caries and an increase in periodontitis, with weight percentile potentially influencing the number of healthy teeth.

Keywords: caries; obesity; overweight; periodontal disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
DMFT or dmf index in the school population. The results represent means ± SD. Bars with * are significantly different (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc analysis). No * = no significant difference. (dmf, decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth; DMFT, decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean of the Community Periodontal Index. The results represent means ± SE. Bars with * are significantly different (Student’s t-test analysis, p < 0.05). (CPI; community periodontal index).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean of the Community Periodontal Index (12–15-year-old). Mean number of affected sextants. The results represent the means ± SE. Bars with * are significantly different (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc analysis). No * = no significant difference.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Means of weight, percentile and fat (5/6 -12–15-year-old The results represent the means ± SE. Bars with * are significantly different (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc analysis). No * = no significant difference. (Kg, kilogram; G, gram).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Mean of waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio (5/6 -12–15-year-old). The results represent the means ± SE. Bars with * are significantly different (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc analysis). No * = no significant difference. (Cm, centimeter).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Mean number of healthy teeth according to weight percentile (12-year-old). The results represent means ± SD. Bars that do not share a letter (a, b) are significantly different (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05, and Bonferroni post hoc analysis).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Mean number of healthy teeth according to weight percentile (5–6-year-old). The results represent means ± SD. Bars that do not share a letter (a, b) are different (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc analysis).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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