Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Comparative Study
. 2025 Jan 1;16(1):30-39.
doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00625. Epub 2024 Dec 18.

Neurochemical and Morphological Comparisons of Motor Nerve Organoids and Spinal-Cord Explants

Shannon E Murphy  1 , Amanda C Sullivan-Weiss  2   3 , Chen H Sirois  2 , Stanislav S Rubakhin  1   4 , Hyunjoon Kong  2   5   4   6   7   8 , Martha U Gillette  2   5   4   3   7   8 , Jonathan V Sweedler  1   2   5   4   3   7   8
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Neurochemical and Morphological Comparisons of Motor Nerve Organoids and Spinal-Cord Explants

Shannon E Murphy et al. ACS Chem Neurosci. .

Abstract

Organoids are multicellular structures formed in vitro from populations of individual cells allowing modeling of structural and functional aspects of organs and tissues in normal and diseased states. They offer unique opportunities to model and treat disease. Using a mouse embryonic stem cell line, we have cultured organoids that express markers of spinal cord motor neurons as well as motor neurons found within the peripheral nervous system. The morphology and select neurotransmitter content of the organoids and spinal cord explants were compared at different developmental time points. We found indications of maturation in the organoids over time, mirrored by similar trends in the spinal cord explants. Although the organoids contained the same neurotransmitters as the spinal cord explants, the developmental changes of these neurotransmitter levels were less marked in organoids. Given these differences, further work is required to optimize organoid growth conditions to better reproduce in vivo models when using organoids to study development.

Keywords: capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry; development; morphology; neurotransmitter; organoid; spinal cord explants.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Lancaster MA; Knoblich JA Organogenesis in A Dish: Modeling Development and Disease Using Organoid Technologies. Science. 2014, 345 (6194), 1247125. DOI: 10.1126/science.1247125 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Aguglia G; Coyne CB; Dermody TS; Williams JV; Freeman MC Contemporary Enterovirus-D68 Isolates Infect Human Spinal Cord Organoids. mBio. 2023, 14 (4), e0105823. DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01058-23 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Choi DH; Yoo CJ; Kim MJ; Kim YJ; Yoo YM Morphological and Molecular Expression Patterns of Neural Precursor Cells Derived from Human Fetal Spinal Cord in Two-, Three-Dimensional, and Organoid Culture Environments. Tissue Cell. 2023, 82, 102068. DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102068 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bartfeld S; Clevers H Stem Cell-Derived Organoids and their Application for Medical Research and Patient Treatment. J. Mol. Med. 2017, 95, 729–738. DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1531-7 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Akiyama T; Suzuki N; Ishikawa M; Fujimori K; Sone T; Kawada J; Funayama R; Fujishima F; Mitsuzawa S; Ikeda K; Ono H; Shijo T; Osana S; Shirota M; Nakagawa T; Kitajima Y; Nishiyama A; Izumi R; Morimoto S; Okada Y; Kamei T; Nishida M; Nogami M; Kaneda S; Ikeuchi Y; Mitsuhashi H; Nakayama K; Fujii T; Warita H; Okano H; Aoki M Aberrant Axon Branching Via Fos-B Dysregulation in FUS-ALS Motor Neurons. EBioMedicine. 2019, 45, 362–378. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.013 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

Substances

LinkOut - more resources