Short-term and long-term clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention on saphenous vein grafts

Abstract

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of 16% of deaths globally. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are the main treatment options. Saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) remain the most frequently used conduits for CABG. In addition, PCI in cases previously undergoing CABG is related to worse long-term outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate PCI's short-term and long-term clinical outcomes on SVGs.

Methods: Sixty-three patients who underwent PCI on SVGs from 2017 to 2019 were enrolled. Short-term and long-term cardiac outcomes of patients in the 6-month follow-up, including major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all causes of death, were collected. The collected data were also analyzed through statistical methods.

Results: The mean age of the subjects was 63.26 ± 8.74 years. Out of 63 patients, five patients (7.94%) died. Two of them died because of cardiac death a day after PCI, and three other cases passed away during the 6 months after angioplasty. Four and three cases had non-fatal myocardial infarction and stroke 6 months after PCI, respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion, in patients with coronary artery disease, PCI and CABG are complementary therapies. Revascularization on saphenous vein grafts seems to be a safe and practical technique in patients.

Keywords: Adverse Cardiac Events; Angioplasty; Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting; Heart Arrest; Myocardial Infarction; Revascularization.