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. 2024 Nov 29;6(48):1257-1263.
doi: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.252.

National and Regional Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 - China, 2004-2023

Dong Wang  1 , Yi Feng  1 , Jingjing Hao  1 , Hongping Hu  1 , Fangyuan Li  1 , Jialu Li  1 , Yuhua Ruan  1 , Lingjie Liao  1 , Jing Hu  1 , Chang Song  1 , Yiming Shao  1 , Hui Xing  1
Affiliations

National and Regional Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 - China, 2004-2023

Dong Wang et al. China CDC Wkly. .

Abstract

Introduction: The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtypes significantly influences the effectiveness of diagnostic tools, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and vaccine development. This study aimed to assess the regional and national prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in China between 2004 and 2023 using pol gene segment analysis.

Methods: We analyzed annual HIV/AIDS reports and pol gene segment sequences from all Chinese provinces between 2004 and 2023. The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants across China and within its regions was estimated by multiplying the proportion of each subtype, circulating recombinant form (CRF), and unique recombinant form (URF) in each province by the corresponding number of reported HIV infections.

Results: Analysis of 94,476 pol gene segments from 31 provinces revealed that CRF01_AE strain accounted for 32.1% of HIV-1 infections during 2004-2023, while CRF07_BC lineage represented 39.1%. CRF08_BC strain contributed 9.2%, followed by subtype B (8.7%) and CRF55_01B (2.4%). Other CRFs collectively comprised 6.0% of infections, while URFs and other subtypes accounted for 1.3% and 1.1%, respectively.

Conclusions: The study revealed significant regional variations and temporal changes in the proportions of HIV-1 CRFs, subtypes, and URFs across China, emphasizing the importance of continued surveillance of strain distribution patterns.

Keywords: HIV-1; distributions; subtype; surveillance.

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Conflict of interest statement

No conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Temporal trends in the distribution of HIV-1 genetic variants in China, 2004–2023.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Regional Distribution and temporal evolution of HIV-1 genetic variants across China’s seven regions, 2004–2009, 2010–2014, 2015–2019, and 2020–2023.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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