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. 2024 Nov 25:37:e1833.
doi: 10.1590/0102-6720202400039e1833. eCollection 2024.

PROGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR THROMBOTIC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC OR COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMAS

Emilly de Assis Machado  1 , Marcelo Gerardin Poirot Land  1 , Alberto Schanaider  1
Affiliations

PROGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR THROMBOTIC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC OR COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMAS

Emilly de Assis Machado et al. Arq Bras Cir Dig. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Background: The relationship between thrombosis and cancer is based on evidence that cancer promotes prothrombotic changes in the host hemostatic system. The activation of blood coagulation is closely linked to tumor growth and dissemination.

Aims: To evaluate whether quantifications of plasma circulation tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and thrombin-antithrombin complex could act as predictors for thrombotic events and death in patients with gastric or colorectal adenocarcinomas, while also evaluating the Karnofsky Performance Status.

Methods: Eighty-two patients were included in the study and divided into three groups: controls (n=20), gastric adenocarcinomas (n=21), and colorectal adenocarcinomas (n=41). In order to calculate the Karnofsky index, information was collected to measure the patient's ability to perform common daily tasks. The following serum measurements were conducted: complete blood count, platelet count, extracellular deoxyribonucleic acid, and thrombin-antithrombin complex.

Results: Ten patients (16%) experienced thrombosis during treatment. Patients with thrombin-antithrombin complex levels greater than 0.53 had a five-times higher risk of thrombosis. Lower Karnofsky Performance Status was also a risk factor for the event in this population. Neither thrombin-antithrombin complex nor plasma circulation tumor DNA were predictors of death after multivariate adjustment. Thus, Karnofsky index signaled a better overall survival prognosis for colorectal and gastric adenocarcinoma patients.

Conclusions: Thrombin-antithrombin complex acts as a marker for thrombosis in patients with colorectal and gastric adenocarcinomas. We recommend prophylactic anticoagulation when the Karnofsky value is low and/or the thrombin-antithrombin complex concentration is greater than 0.53 ng/ml.

RACIONAL:: A relação entre trombose e câncer é baseada em evidências de que o câncer promove alterações protrombóticas no sistema hemostático do hospedeiro. A ativação da coagulação sanguínea está intimamente ligada ao crescimento e disseminação do tumor.

OBJETIVOS:: Avaliar se as quantificações do ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA) tumoral na circulação plasmática e do complexo trombina-antitrombina poderiam atuar como preditores de eventos trombóticos e morte em pacientes com adenocarcinomas gástricos ou colorretais, avaliando também o status de desempenho de Karnofsky.

MÉTODOS:: Oitenta e dois pacientes foram incluídos no estudo e divididos em três grupos: controles (n=20), adenocarcinomas gástricos (n=21) e adenocarcinomas colorretais (n=41). No cálculo do índice de Karnofsky foram coletadas informações para medir a capacidade do paciente de realizar tarefas diárias comuns. As seguintes dosagens séricas foram realizadas: hemograma completo, contagem de plaquetas, ácido desoxirribonucleico extracelular e complexo trombina-antitrombina.

RESULTADOS:: Dez pacientes (16%) apresentaram trombose durante o tratamento. Pacientes com níveis de complexo trombina-antitrombina superiores a 0,53 apresentaram risco cinco vezes maior de trombose. A baixa classificação de desempenho de Karnofsky também foi considerada um fator de risco para o evento nesta população. Nem o complexo trombina-antitrombina, nem o DNA tumoral da circulação plasmática foram preditores de morte após ajuste multivariado. O índice Karnofsky sinalizou um melhor prognóstico de sobrevida global para pacientes com adenocarcinoma colorretal e gástrico.

CONCLUSÕES:: O complexo trombina-antitrombina atua como marcador de trombose em pacientes com adenocarcinoma colorretal e gástrico. Recomendamos anticoagulação profilática quando o valor do Karnofsky for baixo e/ou a concentração do complexo trombina-antitrombina for superior a 0,53 ng/ml.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests: None

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Measurement of the thrombin-antithrombin complex in the control, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2. DNA measurement in the colorectal adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, and control groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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