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. 2025 Apr:144:110784.
doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2024.110784. Epub 2024 Dec 17.

Healthcare provider communication and current contraceptive use among transgender men and gender-diverse people: Results from an online, cross-sectional survey in the United States

Jasmine Berry  1 , Juno Obedin-Maliver  2 , Sachiko Ragosta  3 , Jen Hastings  4 , Mitchell R Lunn  5 , Annesa Flentje  6 , Matthew R Capriotti  7 , Zubin Dastur  8 , Micah E Lubensky  9 , Elizabeth M Inman  10 , Heidi Moseson  11
Affiliations

Healthcare provider communication and current contraceptive use among transgender men and gender-diverse people: Results from an online, cross-sectional survey in the United States

Jasmine Berry et al. Contraception. 2025 Apr.

Abstract

Objectives: To explore whether discussing contraceptive use with a healthcare provider is associated with current contraceptive use among transgender men and gender-diverse (TMGD) individuals.

Study design: In 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among transgender men and gender-diverse adults in the United States who were assigned female or intersex at birth. We measured whether respondents had ever discussed contraception with a healthcare provider as well as current use of contraception, reasons for use, and barriers to use. We described frequencies and ranges for key variables and implemented a series of nested logistic regression models to evaluate the association between ever having spoken to a provider about contraception and current use of contraception for any reason, overall and by method type.

Results: Among 1694 respondents, about half (48%) were currently using a method of contraception for any reason, most commonly barrier methods (17%) and long-acting-reversible-contraception (LARC) (17%). Compared to those who never had a conversation about contraception with a provider, respondents who spoke with a provider were more likely to be currently using contraception - particularly among those who self-initiated the conversation (aOR: 3.8, 95% CI: 2.5-5.6). Having discussed contraception with a healthcare provider was most strongly associated with current LARC use.

Conclusions: Having had a conversation with a provider about contraception use was positively associated with current contraception use among a large, national sample of transgender men and gender-diverse people. Facilitating patient participation in contraception counseling for transgender and gender-diverse patients should be emphasized in provider training.

Implications: Given formidable barriers to healthcare faced by TMGD people, training providers on how to initiate affirming and relevant conversations with TMGD patients about contraceptive needs and preferences is essential, as are efforts to educate and empower TMGD individuals to advocate for the information they need in these interactions.

Keywords: Communication; Contraception; Gender minority; Gender-diverse; Healthcare providers; Patient-centered care.

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