Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Dec 19;24(1):465.
doi: 10.1186/s12876-024-03556-6.

Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study from NHANES

Jia-Xin Dong  1 , Li-Li Jiang  2 , Yan-Peng Liu  1 , Ai-Xi Zheng  3
Affiliations

Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study from NHANES

Jia-Xin Dong et al. BMC Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a typical hepatic steatosis with metabolic dysfunction. The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) measures individual antioxidant capacity, and the relationship with MAFLD has received little attention. Our goal is to explore the association of CDAI with MAFLD.

Methods: Participants were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2020. CDAI was calculated basing on six dietary antioxidants, including zinc, selenium, carotenoids, and vitamins A, C, and E. Univariate regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the correlation between CDAI and MAFLD. We performed subgroup analysis to study the correlation in various populations.

Results: A total of 18,163 participants, including 13,969 MAFLD and 4,194 non-MAFLD, were included. CDAI was significantly negatively correlated with MAFLD. After adjusting for all confounders (including age, gender, race, marital status, poverty ratio, education level, drinking status, smoking status, and physical activity), individuals in the highest quartile of CDAI exhibited a 27% lower likelihood of developing MAFLD than those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.73; 95% CI [0.66, 0.81], p < 0.001). Physical activity subgroup analysis showed that this negative association was significant in the moderate-intensity physical exercise population (Model 3 in Q4, OR = 0.72; 95% CI [0.58-0.89], p < 0.001). Additionally, the changes in vitamins C were independently associated with MAFLD (Model 3, OR = 0.90; 95% CI [0.86-0.93], p < 0.001).

Conclusions: We found a negative relationship between higher CDAI scores and MAFLD. This study provided a new reference for exploring dietary interventions that affect MAFLD to reduce its incidence.

Keywords: Composite dietary antioxidant index; Healthy diet; Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; Oxidative stress.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical approval and consent to participate: The ethical review of this study was exempted because the database was accessible to the public. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the participant’s selection from NHANES 2013–2020
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The forest plot of association between each variable and MAFLD based on univariate logistic regression analysis
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Eslam M, Newsome PN, Sarin SK, Anstee QM, Targher G, Romero-Gomez M, et al. A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: an international expert consensus statement. J Hepatol. 2020;73(1):202–9. 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.039. - PubMed
    1. Eslam M, Sanyal AJ, George J, Panel International Consensus. MAFLD: a consensus-driven proposed nomenclature for metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2020;158(7):1999–20141. 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.312. - PubMed
    1. Chan KE, Koh TJL, Tang ASP, Quek J, Yong JN, Tay P, et al. Global prevalence and clinical characteristics of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 10 739 607 individuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(9):2691–700. 10.1210/clinem/dgac321. - PubMed
    1. Liu J, Ayada I, Zhang X, Wang L, Li Y, Wen T, et al. Estimating global prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in overweight or obese adults. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;20(3):e573–82. 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.02.030. - PubMed
    1. Badmus OO, Hinds TD Jr, Stec DE. Mechanisms linking Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) to cardiovascular disease. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2023;25(8):151–62. 10.1007/s11906-023-01242-8. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources