Identifying Individuals in the Prodromal Phase of Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
- PMID: 39702948
- PMCID: PMC11890925
- DOI: 10.1002/ana.27166
Identifying Individuals in the Prodromal Phase of Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Abstract
Objective: We prospectively evaluated how well combinations of signs and symptoms can identify individuals in the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD).
Methods: The study comprised 6,108 men who underwent repeated assessments of key prodromal features and were prospectively followed for the development of PD. Two composite measures of prodromal PD were evaluated: (i) the co-occurrence of constipation, probable rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (pRBD), and hyposmia, and (ii) the probability of prodromal PD based on the Movement Disorders Society (MDS) research criteria. We also examined the progression and heterogeneity of the prodromal PD phase.
Results: One hundred three individuals were newly diagnosed with PD over an average follow-up of 3.4 years. Men with constipation, pRBD, and hyposmia had a 23-fold higher risk of receiving a PD diagnosis in the subsequent 3 years, compared with men without these features (risk ratio [RR] = 23.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.62-51.33). The risk of PD was 21-fold higher in men with a probability of prodromal PD ≥ 0.8 compared with those with a probability < 0.2 (RR = 21.96, 95% CI = 11.17-43.17). Both the co-occurrence of the 3 non-motor features and an MDS-based probability ≥ 0.8 had comparable predictive values, and both were stronger predictors of PD than any of the features individually. We identified 2 prodromal PD subtypes where RBD and visual color impairment were key discriminators.
Interpretation: Our study demonstrates that combinations of key signs and symptoms strongly predict future clinically manifest PD. These measures may be integrated into screening strategies to identify individuals who could be targeted for enrollment into PD prevention trials. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:720-729.
© 2024 American Neurological Association.
Conflict of interest statement
Potential Conflicts of Interest
None exist.
Similar articles
-
Predictors of the Rapid Progression in Prodromal Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study.Gerontology. 2024;70(6):595-602. doi: 10.1159/000538515. Epub 2024 Apr 2. Gerontology. 2024. PMID: 38565088
-
Application of the movement disorder society prodromal Parkinson's disease research criteria in 2 independent prospective cohorts.Mov Disord. 2017 Jul;32(7):1025-1034. doi: 10.1002/mds.27035. Epub 2017 May 16. Mov Disord. 2017. PMID: 28509336
-
Variation in Recent Onset Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Prodromal Detection.J Parkinsons Dis. 2016 Mar 19;6(2):289-300. doi: 10.3233/JPD-150741. J Parkinsons Dis. 2016. PMID: 27003780 Free PMC article.
-
Advances in markers of prodromal Parkinson disease.Nat Rev Neurol. 2016 Oct 27;12(11):622-634. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.152. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016. PMID: 27786242 Review.
-
Biomarkers of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease.Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;133:259-289. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.020. Epub 2017 Jun 27. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017. PMID: 28802922 Review.
References
-
- Bloem BR, Okun MS, Klein C. Parkinson’s disease. The Lancet 2021;397(10291):2284–2303. - PubMed
-
- Devos D, Hirsch E, Wyse R. Seven Solutions for Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s Disease. Mov. Disord. Off. J. Mov. Disord. Soc. 2021;36(2):306–316. - PubMed
-
- Postuma RB, Berg D. Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease: The Decade Past, the Decade to Come. Mov. Disord. 2019;34(5):665–675. - PubMed
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials
Miscellaneous