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Review
. 2024 Dec 19;97(4):505-514.
doi: 10.59249/QSPC8835. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Alkhumra Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV): A Concise Overview

Amrita Srivastava  1 , Shakuntala Mahilkar  2 , Chandrama Prakash Upadhyaya  1 , Prashant Kumar Mishra  3 , Raj Rajeshwar Malinda  4 , Subash Chandra Sonkar  5   6 , Bidhan Chandra Koner  5   7
Affiliations
Review

Alkhumra Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV): A Concise Overview

Amrita Srivastava et al. Yale J Biol Med. .

Abstract

Alkhumra fever is a viral disease caused by the Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV). It belongs to family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. AHFV is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks, for example, Hyalomma. This disease was first identified in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in 1995 and then reported in other countries of the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East. The AHFV genome consists of a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA molecule of approximately 10.2 kilobases (kb) in length. The Open Reading Frame (ORF) encodes a polyprotein precursor that is processed by viral and host proteases to yield individual viral proteins. The polyprotein precursor is cleaved by viral proteases and host signal peptidases into three structural and seven non-structural proteins. AHFV can cause a range of clinical manifestations, from mild flu-like symptoms to severe hemorrhagic fever. In this review, we focus on insightful understanding of molecular biology, pathogenesis, and their potential therapeutic targets for AHFV.

Keywords: Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus; Flaviviridae; Kyasanur Forest disease virus; Ornithodoros Savignyi.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map showing major cities of Saudi Arabia with AHFV infection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The AHFV genomes open reading frames, structural, and none-structural viral proteins.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Possible modes of transmission.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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