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. 2024 Dec 20;25(1):1232.
doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-11138-9.

Based on metabolomics analysis: metabolic mechanism of intestinal tract of Scylla paramamosain under low-salt saline-alkali water aquaculture environment

Chenxi Che #  1 , Peng Yang #  1 , Kangxiang Qin  1 , Yuntao Li  1 , Ziwei Fan  1 , Wenjun Li  1 , Shan Gao  1 , Chunlin Wang  1   2 , Changkao Mu  1   2 , Huan Wang  3   4
Affiliations

Based on metabolomics analysis: metabolic mechanism of intestinal tract of Scylla paramamosain under low-salt saline-alkali water aquaculture environment

Chenxi Che et al. BMC Genomics. .

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the total production of mud crab Scylla paramamosain has been declining, and the breeding areas are faced with land shortage and shortage of breeding production, which needs to be solved urgently. S. paramamosain can survive and grow in a wide range of salinities is an excellent variety suitable for saline-alkali water aquaculture. As a species with high economic value and strong adaptability to the environment, its cultivation under low salt conditions can not only improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land, but also provide new possibilities for the sustainable development of aquaculture.

Results: A total of 248 different metabolites were identified by LC/GC-MS in the intestinal tract of S. paramamosain. These different metabolites were mainly concentrated in 'Lipids and lips-like molecules'. Among them, 112 metabolites are upregulated, and among these upregulated metabolites are mainly 'Fatty Acyls' and 'Glycerophospholipids'. The upregulation of these metabolites indicates an increase in lipid storage of S. paramamosain, which may increase the resistance of S. paramamosain to adverse environmental stress. Among them, 136 metabolic differentiates were down-regulated, mainly 'Carboxylic acids and derivatives'. The down-regulation of these organic acids may indicate that organic acids are used as energy sources for the immune response to long-term environmental stress.

Conclusion: Under long-term chloride type low-salt saline-alkali water stress, S. paramamosain will shift to another homeostasis for development.

Keywords: Scylla paramamosain; Chlorinated saline water; Intestinal tract; Low-salt; Metabolomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: While the Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments at Ningbo University (approval number SYXK20190005) was established in 2019, its oversight at the time only extended to laboratory animals such as rabbits, mice, and rats. In the absence of specific guidelines for aquatic animals, this study ensured that all procedures involving mature and juvenile crabs obtained from commercial farms adhered to the governing regulations for the use of experimental animals in Zhejiang Province (Zhejiang Provincial Government Order No. 263, issued on August 17, 2009, and effective October 1, 2010). These procedures also complied with the broader requirements outlined in the Experimental Animal Management Law of China and met industry standards for animal operations. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
OPLS-DA scores plots and response permutation testing. The OPLS-DA scoring chart can filter out noise unrelated to classification information, improve the parsing ability and effectiveness of the model, and maximize the highlighting of differences between different groups mud crab within the model. Response permutation testing is a random ranking method used to evaluate the accuracy of OPLS models. Note: LSAW is the intestinal tissue of Rui’an mud crab with a salinity of 3‰, and CK is the intestinal tissue of Sanmen mud crab with a salinity of 18‰
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Statistical analysis of intestinal differential metabolites of mud crabs in LSAW group and CK group. A: Super Class indicates the main class and the first-level classification information of substances. B: Class indicates the classification and the second-level classification information of substances. C: Sub Class indicates the classification subclass and the third-level classification information of substances. Cases where the number of each category is less than 5 are classified as other
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Screening of differential metabolites in the intestinal tract of mud crab in LSAW group compared with CK group. A: The volcanic map showed the changes of metabolites in the intestinal tract of the treated S. paramamosain. B: Cluster heat map, abscissa indicates sample name, ordinate indicates differential metabolite. The color from blue to red indicates that the expression abundance of metabolites is low to high, that is, the redder the expression abundance of differential metabolites is higher
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Classification of differential metabolites in the intestinal tract of mud crab in LSAW group compared with CK group. A: Up-regulated differential metabolites in the intestinal tract of mud crab in LSAW group compared with CK group. B: Down-regulated differential metabolites in the intestinal tract of mud crab in LSAW group compared with CK group
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Analysis of metabolic pathways in the intestinal tract of mud crabs in LSAW group and CK group. Note: In the figure, horizontal coordinate is enrichment score, and pathway information in vertical coordinates is top20 KEGG terms. The larger the bubble pathway contains more differential metabolites, the color of the bubble changes from blue to red, and the smaller the enrichment P-value, the greater the significance
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References

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