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Review
. 2024 Nov 20;16(11):e74121.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.74121. eCollection 2024 Nov.

Recent Advances in Regenerative Endodontics: A Review of Current Techniques and Future Directions

Firas A Alothman  1 , Lamia S Hakami  1 , Ali Alnasser  2 , Faris M AlGhamdi  2 , Abdullah A Alamri  2 , Basel M Almutairii  3
Affiliations
Review

Recent Advances in Regenerative Endodontics: A Review of Current Techniques and Future Directions

Firas A Alothman et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Regenerative endodontics is a rapidly evolving discipline focused on biologically restoring the pulp-dentin complex to revive vitality in non-vital teeth. Unlike traditional endodontic therapies that rely on inert materials to preserve structure, regenerative techniques aim to re-establish natural structure and function by harnessing advancements in tissue engineering. This narrative review examines recent progress in stem cell applications, scaffold development, signaling molecules, and clinical protocols that contribute to successful regenerative outcomes. Advances in stem cell sources, biomimetic scaffolds, and growth factor delivery systems have shown promising results, though challenges such as variability in outcomes and the need for standardized clinical protocols remain. This review also highlights future directions, including gene therapy and three-dimensional bioprinting, which hold the potential to overcome current limitations and pave the way for effective and reliable biologically restorative dental treatments.

Keywords: 3d bioprinting; biomaterials; clinical protocols; gene therapy; pulp-dentin complex; regenerative endodontics; scaffold development; signaling molecules; stem cells; tissue engineering.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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