Association between a large change between the minimum and maximum monthly values of solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Philipp Ritter¹, Tasha Glenn², Eric D Achtyes³, Martin Alda⁴, Esen Agaoglu⁵, Kürsat Altınbaş⁶, Ole A Andreassen⁷, Elias Angelopoulos⁸, Raffaella Ardau⁹, Memduha Aydin¹⁰, Yavuz Ayhan⁵, Christopher Baethge¹¹, Rita Bauer¹, Bernhard T Baune^{12

13

14}, Ceylan Balaban¹⁵, Claudia Becerra-Palars¹⁶, Aniruddh P Behere¹⁷, Prakash B Behere¹⁸, Habte Belete¹⁹, Tilahun Belete¹⁹, Gabriel Okawa Belizario²⁰, Frank Bellivier²¹, Robert H Belmaker²², Francesco Benedetti^{23

24}, Michael Berk^{25

26}, Yuly Bersudsky²⁷, Şule Bicakci^{5

28}, Harriet Birabwa-Oketcho²⁹, Thomas D Bjella⁷, Conan Brady³⁰, Jorge Cabrera³¹, Marco Cappucciati³², Angela Marianne Paredes Castro²⁵, Wei-Ling Chen³³, Eric Y W Cheung³⁴, Silvia Chiesa³², Margarita Chanopoulou³⁵, Marie Crowe³⁶, Alessandro Cuomo³⁷, Sara Dallaspezia²⁴, Pratikkumar Desai³⁸, Seetal Dodd^{25

39}, Bruno Etain²¹, Andrea Fagiolini³⁷, Frederike T Fellendorf⁴⁰, Ewa Ferensztajn-Rochowiak⁴¹, Jess G Fiedorowicz⁴², Kostas N Fountoulakis³⁵, Mark A Frye⁴³, Pierre A Geoffroy^{44

45

46

47

48}, Michael J Gitlin⁴⁹, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto⁵⁰, John F Gottlieb⁵¹, Paul Grof⁵², Bartholomeus C M Haarman⁵³, Hirohiko Harima⁵⁴, Mathias Hasse-Sousa^{55

56}, Chantal Henry^{47

48}, Lone Hoffding⁵⁷, Josselin Houenou^{58

59}, Massimiliano Imbesi³², Erkki T Isometsä^{60

61}, Maja Ivkovic⁶², Sven Janno⁶³, Simon Johnsen⁶⁴, Flávio Kapczinski⁵⁵, Grigorios N Karakatsoulis³⁵, Mathias Kardell⁶⁵, Lars Vedel Kessing⁶⁶, Seong Jae Kim⁶⁷, Barbara König⁶⁸, Timur L Kot⁶⁹, Michael Koval⁷⁰, Mauricio Kunz⁵⁵, Beny Lafer²⁰, Mikael Landén^{65

71}, Erik R Larsen⁷², Rasmus W Licht^{73

74}, Vera M Ludwig¹, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo⁷⁵, Alan MacKenzie⁷⁶, Helle Østergaard Madsen⁷⁷, Simone Alberte Kongstad A Madsen⁶⁴, Jayant Mahadevan⁷⁸, Agustine Mahardika⁷⁹, Mirko Manchia^{80

81

82}, Wendy Marsh⁸³, Monica Martinez-Cengotitabengoa^{84

85}, Julia Martini¹, Klaus Martiny⁷⁷, Yuki Mashima⁸⁶, Declan M McLoughlin⁸⁷, Alie N R Meesters⁵³, Ybe Meesters⁵³, Ingrid Melle⁷, Fátima Meza-Urzúa⁸⁸, Elisabeth Michaelis¹, Pavol Mikolas¹, Yee Ming Mok⁸⁹, Scott Monteith⁹⁰, Muthukumaran Moorthy⁷⁸, Gunnar Morken^{91

92}, Enrica Mosca⁹, Anton A Mozzhegorov⁹³, Rodrigo Munoz⁹⁴, Starlin V Mythri⁹⁵, Fethi Nacef⁹⁶, Ravi K Nadella⁷⁸, Takako Nakanotani⁹⁷, René Ernst Nielsen^{73

74}, Claire O'Donovan⁴, Adel Omrani⁹⁸, Yamima Osher²⁷, Uta Ouali⁹⁶, Maja Pantovic-Stefanovic⁶², Pornjira Pariwatcharakul⁹⁹, Joanne Petite⁴, Johannes Petzold¹, Andrea Pfennig¹, Maximilian Pilhatsch¹, Yolanda Pica Ruiz¹⁰⁰, Marco Pinna^{81

101}, Maurizio Pompili¹⁰², Richard Porter³⁶, Danilo Quiroz¹⁰³, Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte¹⁰⁴, Raj Ramesar¹⁰⁵, Natalie Rasgon¹⁰⁶, Woraphat Ratta-Apha⁹⁹, Maria Redahan³⁰, M S Reddy¹⁰⁷, Andreas Reif¹⁵, Eva Z Reininghaus⁴⁰, Jenny Gringer Richards¹⁰⁸, Janusz K Rybakowski⁴¹, Leela Sathyaputri¹⁰⁸, Angela M Scippa¹⁰⁹, Christian Simhandl¹¹⁰, Daniel Smith¹¹¹, José Smith¹¹², Paul W Stackhouse Jr¹¹³, Dan J Stein¹¹⁴, Kellen Stilwell³⁸, Sergio Strejilevich¹¹², Kuan-Pin Su^{113

115}, Mythily Subramaniam¹¹⁶, Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman¹¹⁷, Kirsi Suominen¹¹⁸, Andi J Tanra¹¹⁹, Yoshitaka Tatebayashi⁹⁷, Wen Lin Teh¹¹⁶, Leonardo Tondo^{120

121}, Carla Torrent^{122

123}, Daniel Tuinstra³⁸, Takahito Uchida^{86

124}, Arne E Vaaler^{91

92}, Eduard Vieta^{122

123}, Biju Viswanath⁷⁸, Carlo Volf⁷⁷, Kai-Jie Yang¹²⁵, Maria Yoldi-Negrete¹²⁶, Oguz Kaan Yalcinkaya⁵, Allan H Young¹²⁷, Yosra Zgueb⁹⁶, Peter C Whybrow⁴⁹, Michael Bauer¹²⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
² ChronoRecord Association, Fullerton, CA, USA.
³ Department of Psychiatry, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁷ Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Eginition Hospital, National and Capodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
⁹ Section of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
¹¹ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
¹² Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
¹⁴ The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe- Universität Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
¹⁶ National Institute of Psychiatry '"Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico.
¹⁷ Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Wardha, India.
¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
²⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Bipolar Disorder Research Program, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
²¹ Département de Psychiatrie Et de Médecine Addictologique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM, UMR-S1144, Université Paris-Cité, FondaMental Foundation, Paris, France.
²² Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
²³ University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
²⁴ Irccs Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
²⁵ IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
²⁶ Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
²⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva Mental Health Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
²⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
²⁹ Butabika Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
³⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
³¹ Mood Disorders Clinic, Dr. Jose Horwitz Psychiatric Institute, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
³² Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Piacenza, Italy.
³³ Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
³⁴ Private Practice, Central, Hong Kong.
³⁵ 3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
³⁶ Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
³⁷ Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy.
³⁸ Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
³⁹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
⁴⁰ Division of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
⁴¹ Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
⁴² The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
⁴³ Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁴⁴ Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, DMU Neurosciences, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, Hopital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 75018, Paris, France.
⁴⁵ Centre ChronoS, GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France.
⁴⁶ NeuroDiderot, Université de Paris, 75019, Paris, Inserm, France.
⁴⁷ Department of Psychiatry, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, 75014, Paris, France.
⁴⁸ Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.
⁴⁹ Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁵⁰ BIOARABA. Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Alava, University of the Basque Country, CIBERSAM, Vitoria, Spain.
⁵¹ Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
⁵² Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
⁵³ Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
⁵⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁵⁶ Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e da Personalidade, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁵⁷ Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
⁵⁸ Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, APHP, Mondor Univ Hospitals, Fondation FondaMental, 94010, Créteil, France.
⁵⁹ Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Neurospin, 91191, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
⁶⁰ Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
⁶¹ National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
⁶² Clinic for Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁶³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
⁶⁴ Unit for Psychiatric Research, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
⁶⁵ Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁶⁶ Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁶⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
⁶⁸ BIPOLAR Zentrum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
⁶⁹ Khanty-Mansiysk Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
⁷⁰ Department of Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
⁷¹ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁷² Mental Health Department Odense, University Clinic and Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
⁷³ Psychiatry - Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
⁷⁴ Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
⁷⁵ Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Research Group in Psychiatry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
⁷⁶ Forensic Psychiatry, University of Glasgow, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK.
⁷⁷ Copenhagen University Hospitals, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁷⁸ Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
⁷⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia.
⁸⁰ Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
⁸¹ Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
⁸² Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
⁸³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
⁸⁴ Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, BioAraba Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain.
⁸⁵ The Psychology Clinic of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
⁸⁶ Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸⁷ Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
⁸⁸ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Und Psychotherapy, SHG Klinikum, Idar-Oberstein, Germany.
⁸⁹ Department of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore City, Singapore.
⁹⁰ Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Traverse City Campus, Traverse City, MI, USA.
⁹¹ Department of Mental Health, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
⁹² Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
⁹³ Soviet Psychoneurological Hospital, Urai, Russia.
⁹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
⁹⁵ Makunda Christian Leprosy and General Hospital, Bazaricherra, Assam, 788727, India.
⁹⁶ Razi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
⁹⁷ Affective Disorders Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
⁹⁸ Tunisian Bipolar Forum, Érable Médical Cabinet 324, Lac 2, Tunis, Tunisia.
⁹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
¹⁰⁰ Hospital "Ángeles del Pedregal", Mexico City, Mexico.
¹⁰¹ Lucio Bini Mood Disorder Center, Cagliari, Italy.
¹⁰² Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹⁰³ School of Medicine, Universidad Diego Portales CL, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
¹⁰⁴ School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, UK.
¹⁰⁵ SA MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
¹⁰⁶ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
¹⁰⁷ Asha Bipolar Clinic, Asha Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
¹⁰⁸ Departments of Psychiatry, Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
¹⁰⁹ Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
¹¹⁰ Bipolar Zentrum Wiener Neustadt, Sigmund Freud Privat Universität, Vienna, Austria.
¹¹¹ Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
¹¹² AREA, Assistance and Research in Affective Disorders, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
¹¹³ Science Directorate/Climate Science Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA.
¹¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, MRC Unit On Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
¹¹⁵ An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
¹¹⁶ Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
¹¹⁷ Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
¹¹⁸ Department of Social Services and Health Care, Psychiatry, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
¹¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
¹²⁰ McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
¹²¹ Mood Disorder Lucio Bini Centers, Cagliari e Rome, Italy.
¹²² Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
¹²³ Bipolar and Depressive Disorders UnitInstitute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
¹²⁴ Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
¹²⁵ College of Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung, Taiwan.
¹²⁶ Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹²⁷ Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
¹²⁸ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307, Dresden, Germany. michael.bauer@ukdd.de.

PMID: 39714599
PMCID: PMC11666876
DOI: 10.1186/s40345-024-00364-5

Association between a large change between the minimum and maximum monthly values of solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Philipp Ritter et al. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2024.

. 2024 Dec 23;12(1):43.

doi: 10.1186/s40345-024-00364-5.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
² ChronoRecord Association, Fullerton, CA, USA.
³ Department of Psychiatry, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁷ Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Eginition Hospital, National and Capodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
⁹ Section of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
¹¹ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
¹² Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
¹⁴ The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe- Universität Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
¹⁶ National Institute of Psychiatry '"Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico.
¹⁷ Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Wardha, India.
¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
²⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Bipolar Disorder Research Program, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
²¹ Département de Psychiatrie Et de Médecine Addictologique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM, UMR-S1144, Université Paris-Cité, FondaMental Foundation, Paris, France.
²² Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
²³ University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
²⁴ Irccs Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
²⁵ IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
²⁶ Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
²⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva Mental Health Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
²⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
²⁹ Butabika Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
³⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
³¹ Mood Disorders Clinic, Dr. Jose Horwitz Psychiatric Institute, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
³² Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Piacenza, Italy.
³³ Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
³⁴ Private Practice, Central, Hong Kong.
³⁵ 3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
³⁶ Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
³⁷ Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy.
³⁸ Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
³⁹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
⁴⁰ Division of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
⁴¹ Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
⁴² The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
⁴³ Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁴⁴ Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, DMU Neurosciences, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, Hopital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 75018, Paris, France.
⁴⁵ Centre ChronoS, GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France.
⁴⁶ NeuroDiderot, Université de Paris, 75019, Paris, Inserm, France.
⁴⁷ Department of Psychiatry, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, 75014, Paris, France.
⁴⁸ Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.
⁴⁹ Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁵⁰ BIOARABA. Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Alava, University of the Basque Country, CIBERSAM, Vitoria, Spain.
⁵¹ Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
⁵² Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
⁵³ Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
⁵⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁵⁶ Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e da Personalidade, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁵⁷ Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
⁵⁸ Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, APHP, Mondor Univ Hospitals, Fondation FondaMental, 94010, Créteil, France.
⁵⁹ Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Neurospin, 91191, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
⁶⁰ Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
⁶¹ National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
⁶² Clinic for Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁶³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
⁶⁴ Unit for Psychiatric Research, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
⁶⁵ Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁶⁶ Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁶⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
⁶⁸ BIPOLAR Zentrum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
⁶⁹ Khanty-Mansiysk Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
⁷⁰ Department of Neuroscience, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
⁷¹ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁷² Mental Health Department Odense, University Clinic and Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
⁷³ Psychiatry - Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
⁷⁴ Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
⁷⁵ Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Research Group in Psychiatry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
⁷⁶ Forensic Psychiatry, University of Glasgow, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK.
⁷⁷ Copenhagen University Hospitals, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁷⁸ Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
⁷⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia.
⁸⁰ Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
⁸¹ Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
⁸² Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
⁸³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
⁸⁴ Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, BioAraba Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain.
⁸⁵ The Psychology Clinic of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
⁸⁶ Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸⁷ Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
⁸⁸ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Und Psychotherapy, SHG Klinikum, Idar-Oberstein, Germany.
⁸⁹ Department of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore City, Singapore.
⁹⁰ Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Traverse City Campus, Traverse City, MI, USA.
⁹¹ Department of Mental Health, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
⁹² Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
⁹³ Soviet Psychoneurological Hospital, Urai, Russia.
⁹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
⁹⁵ Makunda Christian Leprosy and General Hospital, Bazaricherra, Assam, 788727, India.
⁹⁶ Razi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
⁹⁷ Affective Disorders Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
⁹⁸ Tunisian Bipolar Forum, Érable Médical Cabinet 324, Lac 2, Tunis, Tunisia.
⁹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
¹⁰⁰ Hospital "Ángeles del Pedregal", Mexico City, Mexico.
¹⁰¹ Lucio Bini Mood Disorder Center, Cagliari, Italy.
¹⁰² Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹⁰³ School of Medicine, Universidad Diego Portales CL, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
¹⁰⁴ School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, UK.
¹⁰⁵ SA MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
¹⁰⁶ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
¹⁰⁷ Asha Bipolar Clinic, Asha Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
¹⁰⁸ Departments of Psychiatry, Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
¹⁰⁹ Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
¹¹⁰ Bipolar Zentrum Wiener Neustadt, Sigmund Freud Privat Universität, Vienna, Austria.
¹¹¹ Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
¹¹² AREA, Assistance and Research in Affective Disorders, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
¹¹³ Science Directorate/Climate Science Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA.
¹¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, MRC Unit On Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
¹¹⁵ An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.
¹¹⁶ Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
¹¹⁷ Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
¹¹⁸ Department of Social Services and Health Care, Psychiatry, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
¹¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
¹²⁰ McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
¹²¹ Mood Disorder Lucio Bini Centers, Cagliari e Rome, Italy.
¹²² Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
¹²³ Bipolar and Depressive Disorders UnitInstitute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
¹²⁴ Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
¹²⁵ College of Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung, Taiwan.
¹²⁶ Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹²⁷ Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
¹²⁸ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307, Dresden, Germany. michael.bauer@ukdd.de.

PMID: 39714599
PMCID: PMC11666876
DOI: 10.1186/s40345-024-00364-5

Abstract

Background: The rate of suicide attempts by patients with bipolar disorder is high. In addition to patient and country specific factors, environmental factors may contribute to suicidal behavior. Sunlight has multiple diverse impacts on human physiology and behavior. Solar insolation is defined as the electromagnetic energy from the sun striking a surface area on earth. We previously found that a large change in solar insolation between the minimum and maximum monthly values was associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts in patients with bipolar I disorder.

Methods: The association between solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar disorder was again investigated using an international database with 15% more data and more sites at diverse locations and countries.

Results: Data were available from 5641 patients with bipolar I disorder living at a wide range of latitudes in 41 countries in both hemispheres. A large change in solar insolation between the minimum and maximum monthly values was associated with a history of suicide attempts in patients with bipolar I disorder, a replication of our prior analysis. The estimated model also associated state sponsored religion in the onset country, female gender, a history of alcohol or substance abuse, and being part of a younger birth cohort with a history of suicide attempts.

Conclusions: A large change between the minimum and maximum monthly values of solar insolation was associated with a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder, replicating our prior research. Physicians should be aware that daylight has wide ranging physiological and psychiatric impacts, and that living with large changes in solar insolation may be associated with an increased suicide risk.

Keywords: Bipolar disorder; Environment; Solar insolation; Suicide attempt; Sunlight.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Human Ethics and Consent to Participate declarations: not applicable. Competing interests: Eduard Vieta has received grants and served as consultant, advisor or CME speaker for the following entities: AB-Biotics, AbbVie, Adamed, Alcediag, Angelini, Biogen, Beckley-Psytech, Biohaven, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Celon Pharma, Compass, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Ethypharm, Ferrer, Gedeon Richter, GH Research, Glaxo-Smith Kline, HMNC, Idorsia, Johnson & Johnson, Lundbeck, Luye Pharma, Medincell, Merck, Newron, Novartis, Orion Corporation, Organon, Otsuka, Roche, Rovi, Sage, Sanofi-Aventis, Sunovion, Takeda, Teva, and Viatris, outside the submitted work.

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Association between a large change between the minimum and maximum monthly values of solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

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Association between a large change between the minimum and maximum monthly values of solar insolation and a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

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