Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Dec 24;24(1):276.
doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01818-8.

Application of apparent diffusion coefficient of extraocular muscles from diffusion tensor imaging scanning in the assessment of disease activity of thyroid eye disease

Cheng Yang Tang  1 , Qian Huang  1 , Liang Liang  2 , Ming Qiao Zhang  1 , Xiao Ya Zheng  1 , Jian Long  3
Affiliations

Application of apparent diffusion coefficient of extraocular muscles from diffusion tensor imaging scanning in the assessment of disease activity of thyroid eye disease

Cheng Yang Tang et al. BMC Endocr Disord. .

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in differentiating activity of thyroid eye disease (TED).

Method: Forty-two TED patients who underwent diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 29 patients in analysis group and 13 patients in validation group. The mean, maximum and minimum ADC value of each EOM were regarded as ADCmean, ADCmax and ADCmin. The difference between ADCmax and ADCmin was regarded as △ADC. The correlations between ADCmean or △ADC of each EOM and clinical activity score (CAS) were assessed.

Results: In analysis group, ADCmean differed between active and inactive eyes and positively correlated with CAS in IR (P < 0.05), not in SR,LR and MR(all p > 0.05). While △ADC differed between two groups and negatively correlated with CAS in all EOMs (all P < 0.05). ADCmean predicted active disease at cut-off value of 1259.3 × 10-6mm2s-1 with sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 71.4% in IR[area under curve = 0.667, P < 0.05]. △ADC predicted disease activity in all EOMs [area under curve 0.658-0.746,all P < 0.05]. The cut-off values of △ADC were 382, 823,520 and 572 × 10-6mm2s-1 with sensitivity of 80.0%, 50.0%, 43.3%, 83.3% and specificity of 67.9%, 85.7%, 89.3%, 60.7% in SR, IR, MR, and LR respectively. There were no significant differences in the predictive efficacy among all cut-off values.

Conclusions: Our results showed that DTI is a valuable tool in the assessment of disease activity of TED. Both ADCmean of IR and △ADC of all four EOMs can be used in discriminating disease activity with the same predictive power.

Keywords: ADC; CAS; EOMs; Resolve DTI; Thyroid eye disease.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: We confirmed that informed consent was obtained from all subjects, all subjects recruited agreed to take part in the present study. The study was approved by the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Ethical Committee. All methods and designs were performed in accordance with the consensus statement of the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy critera. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Orbital MRI of a 58-year-old male with TAO. a-b Axial T1- and T2-weighted imaging shows the orbit. c,d Coronal T2- and T1-weighted imaging shows the quantitative measurements of the EOMs. e ADC map shows the quantitative measurements of the EOMs.The number from 1 to 4 represent medial rectus, superior rectus, lateral rectus and inferior rectus respectively.MRI, magnetic resonance imaging;TAO, thyroid associated ophthalmopathy; EOMs, extraoclar muscls; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Lingam RK, Mundada P, Lee V. Novel use of non-echo-planar diffusion weighted MRI in monitoring disease activity and treatment response in active Grave’s eye: an initial observational cohort study. Orbit. 2018;37:325–30. - PubMed
    1. Hodgson NM, Rajaii F. Current understanding of the progression and management of associated eye: a systematic review. Ophthalmol Ther. 2020;9:21–33. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Şahlı E, Gündüz K. Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi. 2017;47:94–105. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bartley GB. Rundle and his curve. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129:356–8. - PubMed
    1. Bartalena L, Piantanida E, Gallo D, Lai A, Tanda ML. Epidemiology, natural history, risk factors, and prevention of Graves’ eye. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:615993. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources