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. 2024 Dec 23;21(1):334.
doi: 10.1186/s12985-024-02616-3.

Evolutionary variation of the monkeypox virus detected for the first time in Nantong, Jiangsu

Xingpei Ji #  1 , Ruyue Liang #  1 , Chao Bao  1 , Xiuli Cai  1 , Shiyao Chen  1 , Lu Chen  1 , Li Li  1 , Xiaolei Ji  2
Affiliations

Evolutionary variation of the monkeypox virus detected for the first time in Nantong, Jiangsu

Xingpei Ji et al. Virol J. .

Abstract

Monkeypox (MPOX) is a zoonotic disease caused by Orthopoxvirus monkeypox (MPXV), belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus, and exhibits symptoms similar to smallpox. In 2024, the monkeypox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo continued to develop, raising widespread global public health concerns. In September 2023, the first local monkeypox outbreak was reported in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. Whole-genome sequencing of samples from seven confirmed patients identified a new lineage, C.1.1, which may be related to imported cases from Japan. Evolutionary analysis of MPXV showed fewer mutations mediated by Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3). Additionally, mutations in the N2L protein disrupted transcription initiation, while changes in the Cytomegalovirus-encoded immunomodulatory protein B (CrmB) led to structural instability of the protein. It is hoped that these findings will provide insights for future research on the evolutionary mechanisms of the monkeypox virus and the development of vaccines.

Keywords: APOBEC3; Monkeypox virus; Phylogenetic analysis; Single nucleotide polymorphism.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Consent for publication: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. In this study, we analyzed publicly available policy documents and government reports. Our research did not involve direct data collection or intervention involving human participants, as it is not a clinical trial. For this type of research, which does not involve direct human participation, ethics approval and consent to participate may not be applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis of MPXV Samples from Nantong, Jiangsu, and Other Global Data
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Phylogenetic Analysis of 92 MPXV Genomes from Lineages C.1 and C.1.1, Including Nantong Cases
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
SNP analysis of six MPXV genomes from Nantong, Jiangsu
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Mutation abundance of different types of protein mutation and 3D Structural Variations in CrmB Protein
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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