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. 2024 Dec 9:15:1461599.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1461599. eCollection 2024.

L-shaped relationship between atherogenic index of plasma with uric acid levels and hyperuricemia risk

Jingjing Huang #  1 , Chunhong Chen #  2 , Chunxiao Jie  3 , Ruying Li  3 , Chunyong Chen  3
Affiliations

L-shaped relationship between atherogenic index of plasma with uric acid levels and hyperuricemia risk

Jingjing Huang et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: Hyperuricemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels, as well as the risk of hyperuricemia.

Methods: Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 9,439 participants aged 18 years and above with complete triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) data. AIP was calculated as the logarithm of the ratio of TG to HDL-C. Weighted linear regression, weighted logistic regression, subgroup analysis, generalized additive model, restricted cubic spline and two-part linear and logistic regression were utilized to examine the relationships between AIP and SUA levels and hyperuricemia risk.

Results: We identified a non-linear and L-shaped relationship between AIP and both SUA levels and hyperuricemia prevalence, with significant increasing observed up to a saturation point (0.588 for uric acid levels and 0.573 for hyperuricemia prevalence). Below these thresholds, the odds ratios (OR) for increased SUA and hyperuricemia were 0.854 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.762, 0.946) and 4.4 (95% CI: 3.528, 5.488), respectively (P<0.001). Beyond these points, the associations were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that AIP is significantly and non-linear associated with SUA levels and hyperuricemia risk, with a saturation effect observed beyond specific thresholds. These insights could inform clinical strategies for managing cardiovascular and metabolic risks associated with elevated AIP. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these associations and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Keywords: atherogenic index of plasma; cardiovascular risk; cross-sectional study; hyperuricemia; uric acid.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart depicting the selection process of samples from NHANES during the years 2005 to 2018. TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The distribution of AIP among individuals without hyperuricemia (A) compared to those with hyperuricemia (B). AIP, atherogenic index of plasma.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Association between AIP and uric acid levels (A) and hyperuricemia (B). An L-shaped, non-linear relationship was observed between AIP and both uric acid levels and the prevalence of hyperuricemia (P < 0.05). The solid line depicts the estimated values, while the dashed line represents the corresponding 95% confidence interval. The inflection points were 0.588 (A) and 0.573 (B). Adjustment factors included age, sex, race, family poverty income ratio, BMI, waist circumference, education level, alcohol consumption status, smoking status, marital status, diabetes, hypertension, serum creatinine, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, sedentary time, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol; glycohemoglobin, urine albumin/urine creatinine, urinary creatinine, and urinary albumin. AIP, atherogenic index of plasma; BMI, body mass index.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Subgroup analyses of the effect of AIP and hyperuricemia. AIP, atherogenic index of plasma; Alq, alcohol consumption status; BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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