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. 2024 Dec 9:11:1507100.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1507100. eCollection 2024.

Cardiometabolic Index is associated with heart failure: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES

Xiao-Ming Zhu  1 , Yan Xu  1 , Jie Zhang  1
Affiliations

Cardiometabolic Index is associated with heart failure: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES

Xiao-Ming Zhu et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Introduction: Heart failure is a complex syndrome characterized by impaired cardiac function. Despite improvements in treatment, the prevalence of heart failure continues to rise. The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI), a novel measure combining abdominal obesity and lipid levels, has emerged as a potential predictor of cardiac metabolic risk.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) involving 22,586 participants to investigate the association between CMI and heart failure. Multivariable logistic regression models and RCS analysis were used to explore the association between heart failure and CMI after adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses were performed among populations with different demographic and clinical characteristics.

Results: Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between CMI and heart failure, with odds ratios of 2.77 and 1.87 for the highest quartile after adjusting for confounders. Subgroup analyses indicated heightened risks among older adults and those with hypertension or diabetes. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that CMI offers good diagnostic value for heart failure, surpassing traditional measures like BMI.

Discussion: Our findings suggest that CMI is a valuable tool for assessing the risk of heart failure, particularly in individuals with increased abdominal obesity or abnormal lipid profiles. This highlights the importance of addressing cardiac metabolic health in both prevention and treatment strategies for heart failure. Future research should focus on exploring causal relationships and refining predictive models that incorporate CMI to enhance early detection and intervention.

Keywords: Cardiometabolic Index; NHANES; heart failure; lipids; prevention strategies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of study population enrollment.
Figure 2
Figure 2
RCS curve of the association between CMI and heart failure.
Figure 3
Figure 3
ROC curves of BMI, WtHR, and CMI for predicting heart failure.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Subgroup analysis of the association between CMI and heart failure.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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