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. 2025 Jan 7;14(1):e034587.
doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.034587. Epub 2024 Dec 24.

Association Between Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Disease Among Asian Americans

Santhosh Nadarajah  1   2 , Risa Akiba  1   3 , Isabelle Maricar  1   4 , Sanah Vohra  1   5 , Armaan Jamal  1   6 , Yuichiro Yano  1   7   8 , Malathi Srinivasan  1   9 , Gloria Kim  1   10 , Robert J Huang  1   11 , Latha Palaniappan  1   10 , Karina Kim  1 , Tali Elfassy  1   12 , Eugene Yang  1   13
Affiliations

Association Between Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Disease Among Asian Americans

Santhosh Nadarajah et al. J Am Heart Assoc. .

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence varies widely among Asian American adults. The American Heart Association added healthy sleep to its metrics to define ideal cardiovascular health. Little is known about the association between sleep and CVD prevalence among Asian subgroups. We aim to examine the association between suboptimal sleep duration and CVD risk prevalence among Asian American subgroups.

Methods and results: We used 2012 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey data to examine the association between suboptimal sleep duration and CVD prevalence. We included 6868 self-identifying Asian adults age >40 years (Asian Indian [n=1053], Chinese [n=1415], Filipino [n=1734], and Other Asian [n=2666] adults). Suboptimal sleep was defined as <7 or >9 hours per night. CVD was defined as self-reported stroke, heart attack, coronary artery disease, or angina. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% CI to estimate the association between suboptimal sleep duration and CVD prevalence. Filipino and Other Asian participants with suboptimal sleep had the highest prevalence of CVD. Aggregated Asian American participants with suboptimal sleep duration had a higher prevalence of CVD (odds ratio [95% CI, 1.35 [1.09-1.68]) compared with those with optimal sleep duration. After stratification by race or ethnicity or both, a significant association persisted for Other Asian participants (1.77 [95% CI, 1.27-2.46]) but not among all other Asian American subgroups.

Conclusions: Our study highlights the heterogeneity of CVD prevalence associated with suboptimal sleep duration among Asian American adults. Future studies should consider how different measures of sleep duration and quality affect CVD outcomes among disaggregated Asian American subgroups.

Keywords: Asian American; cardiovascular disease; sleep; sleep duration.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Distribution of sleep duration by Asian subgroup.
χ2 P value <0.01 indicating that the distribution of sleep duration differs according to Asian subgroup. Weighted frequencies indicating the number of individuals with optimal sleep duration are 1 722 357 for all Asian participants, 365 617 for Asian Indian participants, 409 573 for Chinese participants, 368 610 for Filipino participants, and 578 557 for Other Asian participants.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease by suboptimal sleep stratified by Asian subgroup.
Cardiovascular disease was defined as having 1 or more of the following conditions: stroke, heart attack, coronary artery disease, and angina. P values reflect χ2 tests to determine whether the prevalence of cardiovascular disease differs according to sleep duration.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Associations between suboptimal sleep and CVD by Asian subgroup.
CVD indicates cardiovascular disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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