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Comparative Study
. 2024 Dec 24;19(1):872.
doi: 10.1186/s13018-024-05372-w.

Comparison of the efficacy of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty in patients with knee osteoarthritis with varying severity deformity

Pengfei Xing  1 , Junsong Qu  1 , Shuaijing Feng  1 , Jiarong Guo  1 , Tao Huang  2
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Comparison of the efficacy of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty in patients with knee osteoarthritis with varying severity deformity

Pengfei Xing et al. J Orthop Surg Res. .

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and imaging outcomes of a domestically produced orthopedic surgical robot for total knee arthroplasty and to explore its applicability in patients with varying degrees of deformity.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 120 patients who underwent TKA at our hospital between February 2023 and June 2024. The patients were divided into a control group (conventional TKA surgery) and an observation group (robot-assisted TKA surgery), with 60 patients in each group. Based on different lower extremity alignment angles, each group was further subdivided into mild deformities (Hip knee ankle angle (HKA angle)deviation < 10°) and significant deformities (HKA angle deviation ≥ 10°). Preoperative and postoperative HKA angles, range of motion (ROM), visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and Knee Society (AKS) scores were recorded for both groups. Postoperative measurements included the posterior tibial slope angle (PSA), femoral coronal component angle (FFC), tibial coronal component angle (FTC), and femoral sagittal component angle (LFC), as well as the incidence of abnormal values for each angle, which were analyzed statistically.

Results: The operation time in the observation group was longer than that in the control group, but intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the observation group (P < 0.05). Postoperatively, the differences in the HKA and PSA angles and the incidence of abnormal values were significantly better in the robot-assisted group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The other indicators did not significantly differ between the two groups. (P > 0.05). For patients with mild preoperative deformities, those in the robot-assisted group had significantly better postoperative HKA angle deviations and rates of postoperative HKA angle outliers than those in the conventional group. For patients with significant deformities, the robot-assisted group presented greater postoperative HKA and PSA angle deviations than the control group; the postoperative HKA and PSA angle outlier rates were significantly lower in the robot-assisted group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The TINAVI robotic system demonstrated superior safety and efficacy in TKA surgery. Compared with conventional TKA, the robot-assisted system achieved significantly better outcomes regarding prosthesis implantation accuracy and lower extremity alignment, with a particular advantage in patients with severe limb alignment deformities.

Keywords: Lower extremity force line; Robotically assisted operation; Short-term outcomes; TINAVI knee system; Total knee replacement.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of China Medical University, and the patients were exempt from informed consent. (Approval No. [2024]528). Consent for publication: Written informed consent was obtained from the volunteer to publish this report and any accompanying images. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Operating platform and console of the TINAVI orthopedic surgery robot system
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Postoperative X-ray examination (a) Measurement of the HKA angle (b) Measurement of the femoral coronal component angle (c) Measurement of the tibial coronal component angle (d) Measurement of the femoral sagittal component angle and posterior tibial slope angle
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
RA-CUSUM analysis of robot-assisted TKA
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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