Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Dec 4:27:e00396.
doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00396. eCollection 2024 Nov.

Epidemiological investigation of trypanosomosis in livestock and distribution of vector in Dabo Hana district, Southwest Oromia, Ethiopia

Surra Gebeyehu  1 , Dereje Tulu Robi  2
Affiliations

Epidemiological investigation of trypanosomosis in livestock and distribution of vector in Dabo Hana district, Southwest Oromia, Ethiopia

Surra Gebeyehu et al. Parasite Epidemiol Control. .

Abstract

The trypanosomosis remains unresolved due to its impact on various hosts, leading to production losses in Ethiopia. In the Southwest of Oromia, multiple livestock species share grazing land in tsetse-infested areas. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to December 2021 to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of trypanosomosis in bovines, small ruminants, and equines, as well as the distribution of the vector in the Dabo Hana district of Southwest Oromia, Ethiopia. A vector survey was carried out using 60 monoconical traps placed at intervals ranging from about 100 to 200 m. Out of the 1441 flies captured, 86.2 % were Glossina, 7.84 % were Stomoxys, and 5.96 % were Tabanus. The overall apparent density of flies was 12 flies per trap per day. Among the 1242 caught Glossina species, 85 % were identified as G. tachinoides and 15 % as G. m. submorsitans. The average age of male tsetse flies was 28 days, and the overall infection rate of trypanosomes in tsetse flies was 4.8 %. A total of 701 blood samples (190 from bovines, 384 from small ruminants, and 127 from equines) were analyzed using buffy coat and Giemsa techniques. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be 10 % in bovines, 4.2 % in small ruminants, and 3.1 % in equines. A significant difference (P < 0.05) in trypanosome infection was observed among the three host species, as well as with respect to the age and body condition of the animals. The predominant cause of infection was T. congolense, accounting for 74.4 % of cases. The mean packed cell volume (PCV) values of infected bovines, small ruminants, and equines were significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared to those of non-infected animals. Trypanosomosis is a major livestock disease in the study area. The findings provide valuable insights into the prevalence and infection rates of trypanosomosis, identify the affected species, and highlight significant risk factors, such as age, body condition, and vector distribution. Implementing sustainable and integrated practices for trypanosomosis control is crucial, and conducting molecular techniques in different seasons is also recommended.

Keywords: Cattle; Epidemiology; Equines; Ethiopia; Goats; Sheep; Trypanosomosis; Vector.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have not disclosed any conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Map showing Dabo Hana district.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Prevalence of livestock trypanosomes infections in study area.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Abebe R., Wolde A. Preliminary survey on equine Trypanosomosis and its vector in Assosa and Homasha districts of Benishangul Gumuz regional state, Northwest Ethiopia. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev. 2010;22(1):140–145.
    1. Abebe H., Emiru S., Mark V. Studies on the reproductive status, catch and age compositions of the tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes populations in the Nechisar national park in southern Ethiopia. SINET Ethiop J. Sci. 2005;28(1):51–60.
    1. Achenef M., Bekele B. Drug and drug resistance in Africa animal trypanosomosis. Eur. J. Appl. Sci. 2013;5(3):84–91.
    1. Adams E.R., Hamilton B., Rodrigues A.C., Malele I.I., Delespaux V., Teixera M.M., Gibson W. New trypanosoma Duttonella vivax genotypes from tsetse flies in East Africa. Parasitol. 2010;137(641):650. - PubMed
    1. Addisalem H.B., Tafere C.A. Beshatu, F.W., Asamnew, T.M. Prevalence of bovine Trypanosomosis in Addisamba and Amarit District of west Gojjam zone, Amhara regional state. Am.Eur. J. Sci. Res. 2012;7(3):112–117.

LinkOut - more resources