Efficacy of a 2-MNG-Containing Depigmenting Serum in the Treatment of Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation

Abstract

Background: Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIHP) predominantly affects patients with melanin-rich skin, significantly impacting them psychosocially due to more frequent and severe pigmentary changes. In this study, the efficacy of a novel depigmenting agent 2-mercaptonicotinoyl glycine (Melasyl) in a dermocosmetic (DC) serum formulation is assessed as a stand-alone treatment of PIHP without sunscreen.

Materials and methods: Thirty-two Mauritian subjects aged 18-50 years of phototype IV-VI presenting mild acne (GEA2) and moderate to severe PIHP (PAHPI > 10) participated in this study. Subjects applied the DC serum twice a day on the whole face for 3 months. Efficacy was assessed through PAHPI score, mean darkness of lesions (0-8 scores), and colorimetric measurements at D0, D14, D28, D56, and D84. Self-perceived efficacy, tolerability, stigmatization, cosmeticity, and satisfaction were also gathered.

Results: A significant decrease of 15.8% (p < 0.05) in PAHPI score was reported at D84. The PAHPI score showed marked changes (p < 0.05) in pigmentation intensity at D56. Visible significant changes in mean darkness were observed from D28, with a 25.1% decrease at D84. A significant brightening effect was observed in both the spots and adjacent areas, with their mean ITA values increasingly converging toward the ITA of the non-treated, non-exposed zone. This effect was more pronounced in the spots, which showed a significant increase from -34.1 to -14.2 by D14. Instrumental measurements revealed a 60% reduction in spot color intensity at D84 compared to the adjacent area Delta E (p < 0.05), significant from D14. Subjects reported self-perceived improvements in appearance and well-being that matched clinical results, enhancing their quality of life and satisfaction. The product was reported as very well tolerated by the subjects after 84 days of usage.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of the serum in the treatment of post acne PIHP. Good clinical results are confirmed by the objective measurement of the ITA and Delta E. Cosmeticity was excellent and will help observance in real life. The reduction of the stigmatization score illustrates the impact of PIHP and its improvement over time. These results can be considered highly encouraging with the new serum, as in real life, its use in combination with a UVA/visible light filtration sunscreen would probably increase patients benefit.

Keywords: PIHP; depigmenting; efficacy; hyperpigmentation; skincare.

FIGURE 1

Global PAHPI (A) score reported in n = 34 subjects between D0, D14, D28, D56, and D84. (B) Percentage of subjects (n = 32) with improvements in PAHPI scores (n = 24) (denoted in blue) versus subjects whose clinical signs remained unchanged (n = 8) (denoted in gray). Changes in individual PAHPI parameters (C) lesion size, (D) intensity of lesions, (E) lesion number. ** a significancy of p < 0.01 and *** a significancy of p < .001.

FIGURE 2

Clinical evaluations of mean darkness. Changes in mean darkness values at different timepoints (D0, D14, D28, D56, and D84). The Percentage of subjects (n = 32) with improvements in darkness scorewere 84.4% (n=27)(versus 15.6% subjects (n=5) whose clinical signs remained unchanged. ** a significancy of p < 0.01 and *** a significancy of p < 0.001.

FIGURE 3

Spectro‐colorimetric measurements at D0, D14, D28, D56, and D84 of PIHP lesions (A) ITA values of PIHP scores on three different zones (spot, adjacent, and NTNEZ) and (B) delta E values. *** a significancy of p < 0.001.

FIGURE 4

Photographs of the face of an anonymized subject after 84 days of treatment. Ambient lighting was maintained throughout the study. From left to right, panels show the face at D0, D14, D28, D56, and D84, respectively.

FIGURE 5

Subjects responded about the improvement of their skin by self‐evaluation at D14, D28, D56, and D84 visits. Average score was recorded for phototype IV–VI. Treatment comparisons was not significant.

FIGURE 6

At Visit D0 and D84, subjects completed a questionnaire based on their feelings or perceptions, to assess stigmatization. (A) The global score. (B) The stigma felt by subjects. (C) The enacted score refers to the stigma perceived by subjects. ** a significancy of p < 0.01.