Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Dec 4;46(12):13767-13779.
doi: 10.3390/cimb46120822.

Clinical Trial of Autologous Dendritic Cell Administration Effect on Water Molecule Diffusion and Anti-Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Paulus Stefanus Dimu  1   2 , Aziza Ghanie Icksan  1 , Farhat  1 , Jonny  1   3   4   5 , Bhimo Aji Hernowo  1   6 , Terawan Agus Putranto  1   3   6   7
Affiliations

Clinical Trial of Autologous Dendritic Cell Administration Effect on Water Molecule Diffusion and Anti-Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Paulus Stefanus Dimu et al. Curr Issues Mol Biol. .

Abstract

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) significantly increases mortality, with patients facing a fourfold risk of death within ten years. Chronic inflammation, marked by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) activity, contributes to kidney damage and fibrosis. This study investigates the effect of autologous dendritic cells on inflammation and kidney function, focusing on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), TGF-β, and ICAM-1 levels. This quasi-experimental clinical trial involved 22 DKD patients at Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital. Patients received autologous dendritic cell injections. Baseline and post-intervention magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans measured ADC values, and ICAM-1 and TGF-β levels were analyzed. Post intervention, the median ADC decreased from 1.75 mm2/s to 1.64 mm2/s (p = 0.223). ICAM-1 levels increased significantly in females (p = 0.04) but not in males (p = 0.35). No significant changes were found in TGF-β levels (p = 0.506). ADC changes were statistically insignificant and did not correlate with CKD severity. ICAM-1 increases in females correlated with improved creatinine levels, suggesting kidney function improvement. Autologous dendritic cell therapy revealed potential gender-specific immune responses but showed limited overall biomarker improvements. Further studies are required to validate its therapeutic value.

Keywords: apparent diffusion coefficient; autologous dendritic cells; diabetic kidney disease; diffusion-weighted MRI; intracellular adhesion molecule-1; transforming growth factor-β.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study flowchart.
Figure 2
Figure 2
DWI image and ADC measurement on six different ROIs. A coronal DW-MRI and ADC map were obtained from a 68-year-old male volunteer with an eGFR of 70.65. Three ROIs were placed in the upper pole, middle portion, and lower pole of both kidneys. The mean ADC values for the left and right kidneys were 2.695 × 10−3 mm2/s and 2.877 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Change in ADC, ICAM-1, and TGF-β.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Heat map of variables’ correlation coefficients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. James S.L., Abate D., Abate K.H., Abay S.M., Abbafati C., Abbasi N., Abbastabar H., Abd-Allah F., Abdela J., Abdelalim A., et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 Diseases and Injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2018;392:1789–1858. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Pernefri 11th Report of Indonesian Renal Registry 2018. 2018. [(accessed on 15 May 2024)]. Available online: https://www.indonesianrenalregistry.org/
    1. Afkarian M., Sachs M.C., Kestenbaum B., Hirsch I.B., Tuttle K.R., Himmelfarb J., de Boer I.H. Kidney Disease and Increased Mortality Risk in Type 2 Diabetes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2013;24:302–308. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012070718. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Nurtandhee M. Estimasi Biaya Pelayanan Kesehatan sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Defisit Dana Jaminan Sosial untuk Penyakit Gagal Ginjal. J. Jaminan Kesehat. Nas. 2023;3:84–101. doi: 10.53756/jjkn.v3i2.104. - DOI
    1. Umanath K., Lewis J.B. Update on Diabetic Nephropathy: Core Curriculum 2018. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2018;71:884–895. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.10.026. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources