Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Multicenter Study
. 2024 Dec 27;24(1):1040.
doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05630-w.

The prevalence and factors associated with potentially inappropriate medications in Chinese older outpatients with heart failure

Ying Zhang  1 , Zhaoyan Chen  1 , Fangyuan Tian  2
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

The prevalence and factors associated with potentially inappropriate medications in Chinese older outpatients with heart failure

Ying Zhang et al. BMC Geriatr. .

Abstract

Background: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) can lead to adverse outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PIMs in older Chinese outpatients with heart failure according to the 2019 Beers criteria and the factors associated with PIMs.

Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using electronic medical data during January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 from 9 tertiary medical institutions in Chengdu, China. Outpatients aged 65 and above who were diagnosed with heart failure were included. The 2019 Beers criteria were used to evaluate the PIM status of older outpatients, and binary logistic regression was used to identify potential risk factors for PIMs.

Results: There were 3626 prescriptions. The prevalence of PIMs among older outpatients with heart failure was 67.98% according to the 2019 Beers criteria. Diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), benzodiazepine receptor agonist hypnotics, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran were the top five PIMs. The risks of PIMs were associated with the number of drugs prescribed and comorbidities. PIMs were shown to be more common in patients with polypharmacy (5-9 medications, OR: 10.403, 95% CI: 8.258-13.104, p < 0.001; ≥10 medications, OR: 35.018, 95% CI: 10.545-116.293, p < 0.001), valvular heart disease (OR: 1.537, 95% CI: 1.109-2.131, p = 0.010), and insomnia (OR: 2.655, 95% CI: 1.809-3.898, p < 0.001). While, medicare reimbursement (OR: 0.678, 95% CI: 0.570-0.808, p < 0.001) and visits to the geriatric departments (department of cardiology, OR: 1.687, 95% CI: 1.214-2.344, p = 0.002) were protective factors.

Conclusions: The prevalence of PIMs use was high among older Chinese outpatients with heart failure, according to this study. Multidisciplinary teams should cooperate to reduce PIMs in older adults.

Keywords: Beers criteria; Heart failure; Older; Outpatient; Potentially inappropriate medication.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the West China Hospital Research Ethics Board. All procedures performed in this study conform to the standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and subsequent relevant ethics. Due to the nature of this retrospective study and the preserved anonymity of patients, a waiver of informed consent was obtained by the West China Hospital Research Ethics Board. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Ailabouni NJ, Marcum ZA, Schmader KE, Gray SL. Medication Use Quality and Safety in older adults: 2019 update. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021;69(2):336–41. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Xing XX, Zhu C, Liang HY, Wang K, Chu YQ, Zhao LB, et al. Associations between potentially inappropriate medications and adverse Health outcomes in the Elderly: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(10):1005–19. - PubMed
    1. Díez R, Cadenas R, Susperregui J, Sahagún AM, Fernández N, García JJ, et al. Potentially inappropriate medication and polypharmacy in nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Med. 2022;11(13):3808. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Motter FR, Fritzen JS, Hilmer SN, Paniz ÉV, Paniz VMV. Potentially inappropriate medication in the elderly: a systematic review of validated explicit criteria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;74(6):679–700. - PubMed
    1. Schiavo G, Forgerini M, Lucchetta RC, Silva GO, Mastroianni PDC. Cost of adverse drug events related to potentially inappropriate medication use: a systematic review. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2022;62(5):1463–76. - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources