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. 2024 Dec 30;17(1):394.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-024-07059-1.

Seroprevalence of bovine Herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, Neospora caninum and Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows in Ethiopia

Gebrerufael Girmay  1 , Bezina Arega Emeru  2 , Desiye Tesfaye Tegegne  2 , Shelema Kelbesa Bora  2 , Workitu Firomsa Gudeta  2 , Betelhem Seyoum Dersso  2 , Beksisa Urge Hurrisa  3 , Gebremeskel Mamu Werid  2 , Shimels Tikuye Yalew  2 , Yohannes Equar Messele  2
Affiliations

Seroprevalence of bovine Herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, Neospora caninum and Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows in Ethiopia

Gebrerufael Girmay et al. BMC Res Notes. .

Abstract

Background: The reproductive problem is an animal health-related bottleneck that constrains livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries such as Ethiopia. The infectious causes of reproductive disorders are one cause of decreased reproductive efficiency. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence to Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BHV1), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Neospora caninum (N. caninum) and C. burnetii (C. burnetii) exposures in dairy cows with reproductive disorders in selected areas of Ethiopia. Overall, 164 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to May 2019 from animals with a history of reproductive disorders. The collected sera were tested for antibody titers to Brucella species, N. caninum, BVDV, BHV1, C. burnetii and Chlamydophila abortus (C. abortus) using Rose Bengal and ELISA.

Results: The apparent seroprevalence of BHV1, BVDV, N. caninum and C. burnetii were 61%, 33.5%, 4.9% and 0.6%, respectively. Among the selected study areas, the mean apparent seroprevalence was significantly greater in Bishoftu (35.9%), Holeta (34.2%) and Adaberga (28.6%) than in Mekelle (9.9%) and Ambo (16.2%). Among the specific seroprevalence in specific areas, BHV1 was the most common in Adaberga, with an apparent seroprevalence of 92.9%. Similarly, the seroprevalence of BVDV was the highest in Holeta, with an apparent seroprevalence of 73.3%. On the other hand, no seropositive animal to Brucella spp. or C. abortus was found in these study areas.

Conclusion: BVDV and BHV1 seroprevalence was higher in dairy cattle with a history of reproductive disorder in Ethiopia as compared to the seroprevalence of N. caninum and C. burnetii.

Keywords: Dairy cattle; Ethiopia; Reproductive problems.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval to conduct the study was obtained from the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research. The Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, established as federal agricultural research by Order No. 42 of 1966 and amended by Proclamation No. 79/1997 of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, mandates research on animals, plants, and natural resources in the country. Before starting blood collection, letter of consent was read to district and areas leaders as well as farm owners stating the objectives of the research, and the right to refuse to participate in the research. Blood samples were then collected after verbal consent was obtained from these district and area leaders as well as farm owners. All research activities were conducted according to the rules and guidelines of the research institute. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

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Fig. 1
Study areas
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Fig. 2
Seropositivity of BHV1, BVDV, N. caninum and C. burnetii in forty dairy farms with a history of reproductive disorder
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