Psychology insights on apologizing to patients

Donald A Redelmeier^{1

2

3

4

5}, Jada Roach^{1

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
² Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³ Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁴ Division of General Internal Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁵ Centre for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶ SPARK Program for Black and Indigenous Medical Students, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Donald A Redelmeier et al. J Hosp Med. 2025 Aug.

. 2025 Aug;20(8):878-881.

doi: 10.1002/jhm.13585. Epub 2024 Dec 30.

Donald A Redelmeier^{1

2

3

4

5}, Jada Roach^{1

2

6}

¹ Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
² Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³ Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁴ Division of General Internal Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁵ Centre for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶ SPARK Program for Black and Indigenous Medical Students, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

No abstract available

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Error disclosure: what residents say and what patients find effective.
Grossniklaus E, D'Addario A, King A, Gallagher TH, Mazor K, White AA. Grossniklaus E, et al. Front Health Serv. 2025 Jun 20;5:1577092. doi: 10.3389/frhs.2025.1577092. eCollection 2025. Front Health Serv. 2025. PMID: 40621433 Free PMC article.

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