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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Oct;97(2):150-155.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003473.

Subsequent pregnancies in the IMPAACT 2010/VESTED Trial: high rate of adverse outcomes in women living with HIV

Lee Fairlie  1 , Sean Brummel  2 , Lauren Ziemba  2 , Anne Coletti  3 , Lameck Chinula  4 , Roger Shapiro  2 , Jeffrey Stringer  5 , Grace Malonga  2 , Renee Browning  6 , Nahida Chakhtoura  7 , Blandina Theophil Mmbaga  8 , Tsungai P Mhembere  9 , Ayotunde Omoz-Oarhe  10 , Beatrice Nagaddya  11 , Megeshinee Naidoo  12 , Risa M Hoffman  13 , Shahin Lockman  2   10   14 ; IMPAACT 2010/VESTED Study Team
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Subsequent pregnancies in the IMPAACT 2010/VESTED Trial: high rate of adverse outcomes in women living with HIV

Lee Fairlie et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2024 Oct.

Abstract

Introduction: Women with HIV (WHIV) have higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly in the absence of antiretroviral treatment(ART), and timing of ART may impact risk.

Methods: In IMPAACT 2010 (VESTED), 643 pregnant WHIV in 9 countries were randomized 1:1:1 to initiate ART: dolutegravir (DTG)+emtricitabine(FTC)/tenofovir alafenamide(TAF); DTG+FTC/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or efavirenz (EFV)/FTC/TDF. We describe adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with a subsequent pregnancy during 50 weeks of postpartum follow-up: spontaneous abortion (<20 weeks), stillbirth (≥20 weeks), preterm delivery (<37 weeks) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA).

Results: Of 643 women, 19 (3%) had 20 subsequent pregnancies while receiving ART at conception: DTG/FTC/TAF(3), DTG/FTC/TDF(2), EFV/FTC or lamivudine(3TC)/TDF(12), EFV/abacavir/3TC (1) and no ART(1). Four spontaneous abortions, 3 stillbirths, and 1 induced abortion occurred. Three (25%) of 12 liveborn infants were preterm (24-, 26- and 36-weeks' gestation). Only 12 (60%) subsequent pregnancies resulted in live birth, and at least 1 adverse pregnancy outcome occurred in 11/19 (58%) (induced abortion excluded). Of 7 women who experienced spontaneous abortion/stillbirth in the subsequent pregnancy, 4 experienced a stillbirth and 1 a neonatal death as outcomes of their earlier index pregnancy. No congenital anomalies were reported.

Conclusions: Adverse pregnancy outcomes were common in this cohort of WHIV who conceived on ART shortly after an index pregnancy, 35% ended in stillbirth or spontaneous abortion. The majority of fetal losses occurred in women with recent prior pregnancy loss. Data from larger cohorts of WHIV conceiving on ART and surveillance are needed to elucidate rates and predictors of adverse pregnancy outcome. (249 words).

Keywords: Conception on antiretroviral therapy; Pregnancy outcomes; Women living with HIV; high rates adverse outcomes; interpregnancy interval; prior pregnancy loss.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests SB and LZ received NIH funding and ViiV Healthcare funding, both paid to their institution. RH serves on the editorial board for Elsevier’s Clinical Key, a clinical resource for clinicians.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:. ART regimen from completion of index pregnancy, through time of conception and subsequent pregnancy in the IMPAACT 2010 study
This figure shows the time between the index pregnancy outcome on the IMPAACT 2010 study and the outcome of the subsequent pregnancy, including the regimen that each participant was receiving at index pregnancy and subsequent pregnancy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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