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Review
. 2025 Jan 2;17(1):2.
doi: 10.1038/s41368-024-00334-8.

Expert consensus on apical microsurgery

Hanguo Wang #  1 , Xin Xu #  2 , Zhuan Bian  3 , Jingping Liang  4 , Zhi Chen  3 , Benxiang Hou  5 , Lihong Qiu  6 , Wenxia Chen  7 , Xi Wei  8 , Kaijin Hu  9 , Qintao Wang  10 , Zuhua Wang  11 , Jiyao Li  2 , Dingming Huang  2 , Xiaoyan Wang  12 , Zhengwei Huang  13 , Liuyan Meng  3 , Chen Zhang  14 , Fangfang Xie  7 , Di Yang  6 , Jinhua Yu  15 , Jin Zhao  16 , Yihuai Pan  17 , Shuang Pan  18 , Deqin Yang  19 , Weidong Niu  20 , Qi Zhang  21 , Shuli Deng  22 , Jingzhi Ma  23 , Xiuping Meng  24 , Jian Yang  25 , Jiayuan Wu  26 , Yi Du  27 , Junqi Ling  28 , Lin Yue  29 , Xuedong Zhou  30 , Qing Yu  31
Affiliations
Review

Expert consensus on apical microsurgery

Hanguo Wang et al. Int J Oral Sci. .

Abstract

Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive, produces few complications, and has a success rate of more than 90%. However, due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general practitioners and even endodontists, many clinical problems remain to be overcome. The consensus has gathered well-known domestic experts to hold a series of special discussions and reached the consensus. This document specifies the indications, contraindications, preoperative preparations, operational procedures, complication prevention measures, and efficacy evaluation of apical microsurgery and is applicable to dentists who perform apical microsurgery after systematic training.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Informed consent: Patients (or their guardians) must be informed about the details of apical microsurgery and must provide informed consent prior to the procedure.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Schematic diagram of clinical operating procedures for apical microsurgery
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Sulcular rectangular flap with a horizontal incision in the gingival sulcus
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Submarginal rectangular flap with a horizontal incision in the attached gingiva
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Sulcular triangular flap with a horizontal incision in the gingival sulcus
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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