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Review
. 2025 Jan 1;21(1):63-74.
doi: 10.7150/ijbs.101861. eCollection 2025.

Targeting protein modification: a new direction for immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer

Xinyu Ge  1 , Ke Zhang  2 , Jie Zhu  1 , Yuan Chen  1 , Zhengwang Wang  1 , Peng Wang  1 , Peng Xu  1 , Jie Yao  1
Affiliations
Review

Targeting protein modification: a new direction for immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer

Xinyu Ge et al. Int J Biol Sci. .

Abstract

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter protein conformation by covalently attaching functional groups to substrates, influencing their biological activity, mechanisms of action, and functional performance. PTMs and their interactions are essential to many critical signal transduction processes, including tumor transformation, cancer progression, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Additionally, advancements in tumor immunotherapy indicate that PTMs are essential in immune cell activation, transport, and energy metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different PTMs on immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer, providing new perspectives and suggesting directions for future research.

Keywords: Immune escape; Immunotherapy; Pancreatic cancer; Post-translational modifications; Targeted therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PTMs in immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Many proteins and PTMs (such as phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, etc.) are implicated in tumorigenesis. PTMs can influence the efficacy of immunotherapy. The figure is generated with BioRender (https://biorender.com).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The function of PD-L1 is regulated by post-translational modifications. This graphic was generated using Figdraw.
Figure 3
Figure 3
PTMs Regulate the Function of T Cells in pancreatic cancer. The figure is generated with BioRender (https://biorender.com).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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