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. 2025 Jan 2;25(1):5.
doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05879-8.

Biochemical and yield response of spring wheat to drought stress through gibberellic and abscisic acids

Sobhi F Lamlom  1 , Ahmed M Abdelghany  2 , A S Farouk  3 , E Sh Alwakel  3 , Khaled M Makled  3 , Najat A Bukhari  4 , Ashraf Atef Hatamleh  4 , Honglei Ren  5 , Gawhara A El-Sorady  6 , A A Shehab  3
Affiliations

Biochemical and yield response of spring wheat to drought stress through gibberellic and abscisic acids

Sobhi F Lamlom et al. BMC Plant Biol. .

Abstract

Drought stress significantly impacts wheat productivity, but plant growth regulators may help mitigate these effects. This study examined the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L., CV: Giza 171) growth and yield under different water regimes. Using a split-plot design, we tested three drought levels as main plots: normal irrigation (80% field capacity), moderate drought (60% field capacity), and severe drought (40% field capacity). Subplots consisted of GA3 and ABA treatments at 100 and 200 ppm concentrations. Results showed that 200 ppm GA3 treatment enhanced multiple growth parameters under normal irrigation, including plant height (25-30% increase), leaf area (30-35% increase), and reproductive traits (40% increase in number of number of spikes, 35% increase in grains per spike). In contrast, ABA treatment at 200 ppm resulted in reduced plant height (35% decrease) and greater leaf area reduction (40% vs. 20% in control) under drought conditions. GA3 at 200 ppm also improved physiological parameters including catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, protein content, and proline accumulation. These findings demonstrate the distinct roles of GA3 and ABA in regulating wheat growth and stress responses, providing valuable insights for drought management in wheat cultivation.

Keywords: Antioxidant activities; Drought stress; Plant growth regulators; Reactive oxygen species (ROS).

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects. The current experimental research and field study including the collection of plant material, is complying with relevant institutional, national, and international guidelines and legislation and used for research and development. Consent for publication: Not applicable (NA). Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Clinical trial number: Not applicable (NA).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Pearson’s correlation coefficients among 18 agronomic and physiological traits of crops under varying drought stress conditions and plant growth regulation treatments. PH (plant height), LA (leaf area), DW (dry weight), TN (tiller number), CGR (crop growth rate), SPP (spikes per plant), GN (number of grains per spike), SW (spike weight), TGW (1000-grain weight), GY (grain yield), APX (ascorbate peroxidase), CAT (catalase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), O2⁻ (superoxide anion), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), MDA (Malondialdehyde), PrC (proline content), PC (protein content). Positive correlations are indicated by blue, with darker shades representing stronger correlations, while negative correlations are indicated by red, with darker shades also representing stronger correlations. The values in each cell represent the correlation coefficient between two traits, with asterisks indicating the level of statistical significance, *: P ≤ 0.05, **: P ≤ 0.01, and ***: P ≤ 0.001
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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