Using Anti-Blackness and Historical Inquiry to Ground Nursing and Research Practice in Black Populations

Abstract

Since the "Black Lives Matter" reckoning of 2020, professional health organizations have made public statements and apologized for not recognizing the role of racism in the creation of health disparities. For the American Nurses Association, this has taken the form of the National Commission to Address Racism in Nursing. One result of that work has been the Report on the History of Racism in Nursing, which details the constant maligning of the competence of Black nurses and their systematic exclusion from institutions within the profession. In this article, we want to take these ideas further and argue that the issue for nursing is not so much a generic kind of racism that a professional reorganization can address, but rather a deep and abiding "anti-blackness" that is intrinsic to the heart and soul of medical and health knowledge itself. Anti-blackness as an idea comes from a collection of theoretical interventions developed by Black philosophers, literary theorists, sociologists, and historians who continue to grapple with the question posed by W.E.B. DuBois: "How does it feel to be a problem?" Anti-blackness is the "relegation of Black people to inhumanity and non-being" and "is a global phenomenon that takes on distinct forms of expression in each sociocultural context." Given the call to understand the role of historical, social, political, environmental, and economic factors via the social determinants of health, a more expansive approach is needed to articulate the Black lived experience. Anti-blackness is one tool available to nurses interested in a deeper level of analysis.

Keywords: Black people; dehumanization; delivery of health care; health inequities; nursing; social structure.