Retraction notice to "Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan and its derivatives and their applications: A review" [Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 164 (2020) 2726-2744]

Affiliations

¹ Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
² Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
³ Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
⁶ National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, 080-8555 Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
⁷ Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt.
⁸ Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁹ Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Mohamed E Abd El-Hack et al. Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Mar.

. 2025 Mar:293:139051.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139051. Epub 2025 Jan 4.

¹ Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
² Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
³ Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
⁶ National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, 080-8555 Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
⁷ Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt.
⁸ Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁹ Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

No abstract available

Retraction of

Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan and its derivatives and their applications: A review.
Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Shafi ME, Zabermawi NM, Arif M, Batiha GE, Khafaga AF, Abd El-Hakim YM, Al-Sagheer AA. Abd El-Hack ME, et al. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Dec 1;164:2726-2744. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.153. Epub 2020 Aug 22. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020. Retraction in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Mar;293:139051. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139051. PMID: 32841671 Retracted. Review.