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. 2024 Aug 12;16(2):123-132.
doi: 10.34172/japid.2024.016. eCollection 2024.

Clinical outcomes of free gingival graft vs. palatal pedicle graft in peri-implant soft tissue phenotype modification: A randomized controlled trial comparing patient reports

Hossein Khoshkhou  1 , Siamak Yaghobee  2 , Mohammadjavad Kharrazi Fard  3 , Mahsa Etemadi  1 , Seyed Hossein Mohseni Salehi Monfared  1
Affiliations

Clinical outcomes of free gingival graft vs. palatal pedicle graft in peri-implant soft tissue phenotype modification: A randomized controlled trial comparing patient reports

Hossein Khoshkhou et al. J Adv Periodontol Implant Dent. .

Abstract

Background: The importance of peri-implant soft tissues in maintaining tissue health and aesthetics has been recognized. A thickness of at least 2 mm is considered a protective factor against peri-implantitis. This study assessed clinical outcomes and complications at implant sites following soft tissue augmentation with either palatal free gingival graft (FGG) or palatal pedicle graft (PPG).

Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 42 patients with inadequate keratinized tissue width (KTW) were randomly assigned to two intervention groups: Group 1 received FGGs, while group 2 underwent PPGs. The KTW, vestibular depth, and surface shrinkage were recorded preoperatively and one and three months after the operation. Patient-reported outcome measurements were recorded at a two-week follow-up.

Results: Thirty-five patients completed the study (FGG group, n=17; PPG group, n=18). Group 2 demonstrated a higher increase in KTW and vestibular depth at 1 and 3 months (P<0.05). The surface shrinkage differences were not statistically significant between the study groups at baseline and three-month follow-up (P>0.05). The number of analgesics in each group was not significantly different two weeks after the operation; however, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) showed significantly higher pain scores on days 3 to 8 in group 1 patients.

Conclusion: The use of PPG in soft tissue augmentation demonstrated more KTW formation and less postoperative morbidity. There was no difference between the methods used to compare surface shrinkage.

Keywords: Dental implants; Free gingival graft; Keratinized tissue width; Palatal pedicle graft; Surface shrinkage.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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