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. 2024 Dec 16;21(12):1674.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph21121674.

Lifestyle Factors and Associations with Individual and Comorbid Cardiometabolic and Pulmonary Disease Among U.S. Adults

Osayande Agbonlahor  1 , Delvon T Mattingly  2   3 , Maggie K Richardson  4 , Joy L Hart  5   6   7 , Alison C McLeish  8 , Kandi L Walker  5   6   7
Affiliations

Lifestyle Factors and Associations with Individual and Comorbid Cardiometabolic and Pulmonary Disease Among U.S. Adults

Osayande Agbonlahor et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Although lifestyle factors have been linked to chronic diseases among adults, their association with diagnosed individual and comorbid cardiometabolic (CMD) and pulmonary disease (PD) is not fully known. This study aimed to examine the associations between lifestyle factors and individual and comorbid CMD and PD among U.S. adults.

Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 7394). Health care provider's diagnosis of CMD and PD and lifestyle factors (i.e., past 5-day tobacco use, past 12-month alcohol use, diet, sleep troubles, and physical activity) were assessed. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated using logistic and multinomial logistic regression.

Results: Trouble sleeping was associated with increased odds of CMD (OR: 2.47) and PD (OR: 2.29) individually, while physical activity was associated with lower odds (OR: 0.75, OR: 0.77). Past 5-day tobacco (OR: 2.36) and past year alcohol (OR: 1.61) use were associated with increased PD odds. Lifestyle factors were associated with increased odds of comorbid CMD and PD.

Conclusions: Lifestyle factors were associated with increased odds of individual and comorbid CMD and PD among adults. CMD and PD prevention should involve promoting lifestyle modification and implementation of policies that eliminate structural barriers to healthy lifestyle adoption.

Keywords: adults; cardiometabolic disease; lifestyle factors; pulmonary disease; sociodemographic characteristics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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