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. 2024 Dec 2;15(12):960.
doi: 10.3390/insects15120960.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Two Geographical Regions: Insights into Structure and Genetic Differentiation

Yuhui Chen  1   2 , Runlang Su  1   2   3 , Rui Zhu  1   2 , Guiling Ding  1   2 , Zhanbao Guo  1   2 , Lin Du  4 , Jiaxing Huang  1   2
Affiliations

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Apis cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Two Geographical Regions: Insights into Structure and Genetic Differentiation

Yuhui Chen et al. Insects. .

Abstract

The honeybee Apis cerana plays a crucial role as a pollinator, contributing significantly to biodiversity and supporting ecological processes [...].

Keywords: Apis cerana; group differentiation; honeybee; mitochondrial genome; phylogenetic relationship.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sampling site information on DN and YG.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graphical maps of the mitochondrial genomes of DN (A) and YG (B). The inside circles show the G + C content.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Codon bias statistics for 13 protein-coding genes of DN and YG.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The length statistics of the AT-rich region of A. cerana. Purple represents A. cerana from Japan; green represents A. cerana from Korea; yellow represents A. cerana from Russia; blue represents A. cerana from Borneo; and red represents A. cerana from China.
Figure 5
Figure 5
13 PCGs were used to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of A. cerana, A. mellifera sinisxinyuan and A. mellifera capensis as outgroups. The numbers shown at each branch point represent the support values for the nodes: the first number indicates the bootstrap support value derived from maximum likelihood analysis, while the second number represents the posterior probability obtained from Bayesian inference analysis. The same color A. cerana comes from the same country.
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