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. 2024 Nov 30;12(12):877.
doi: 10.3390/toxics12120877.

Occurrence, Bioaccumulation, and Trophic Transfer of Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (SCCPs) in a Marine Food Web from Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea (Eastern China)

Min Song  1 , Dianfeng Han  2 , Shunxin Hu  2 , Qingkui Cui  2 , Huanjun Li  2 , Fan Li  2 , Jianbai Zhang  3 , Yongchun Liu  2 , Mei Zhao  1 , Cunxin Zhang  1 , Yingjiang Xu  2
Affiliations

Occurrence, Bioaccumulation, and Trophic Transfer of Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (SCCPs) in a Marine Food Web from Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea (Eastern China)

Min Song et al. Toxics. .

Abstract

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are a persistent organic pollutant, and limited information is available on their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer, which would be affected by carbon chain length, chlorine content, and hydrophobicity. In this study, relevant data on SCCPs in water, sediments, and organisms collected from Laizhou Bay were analyzed to investigate the specific distribution of SCCPs and their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer. In water and sediments, the average SCCP concentrations (ΣSCCPs) were 362.23 ± 81.03 ng/L and 609.68 ± 90.28 ng/g d.w., respectively. In 28 species of organisms, the ΣSCCPs varied from 70.05 to 47,244.13 ng/g l.w. (average = 648 ± 7360) and the predominant homologs were C13 (average = 34.91%) and Cl5-7 (average = 93.13%), differing from those in water (average = C11 32.75% and average = Cl5-7 88%) and sediments (average = C13 31.60% and average = Cl6-8 87.16%). The logarithm bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of ΣSCCPs were 1.18-2.74 and were positively correlated with the log Kow. A significant negative linear relationship was observed between biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) and log Kow. It is suggested that the hydrophobicity may affect the bioaccumulation of SCCPs. SCCPs demonstrated a trophic magnification factor (TMF) ranging from 2.19 to 3.00 (average = 2.51) and exhibited a significant linear correlation with carbon chain length (p < 0.05) and log Kow values (p < 0.05), suggesting that SCCPs have biomagnification potential in Laizhou Bay that is affected by hydrophobicity and carbon chain length.

Keywords: Bohai Sea; bioaccumulation; emerging pollutants; trophic transfer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sampling stations for surface water, sediments, and organisms in Laizhou Bay.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Abundance profile of SCCPs in seawater, sediments, and organisms (A); PCA of the number of carbon atoms (B) and chlorine atoms in SCCPs in seawater, sediments, and organisms (C).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of SCCPs in samples obtained from LZB (A) and in different biological and ecological features (B). Note that “ND” indicates no difference between the variables and “*” indicates a significant difference, as does p < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Relative carbon source and trophic levels characterized the food web relationship (A). Relationship between TL and log-transformed concentrations of the SCCPs (ng/g l.w.) (B) and the relationships of TMFs of the SCCP congener group with logKow (C) and the carbon chain length (D). Note: The red section indicates the 95% confidence interval.
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