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. 2025 Jan 7;15(1):e091942.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091942.

Relationship between staff experience and patient outcomes in hospital settings: an overview of reviews

Peter Bragge  1 , Veronica Delafosse  1 , Paul Kellner  1 , Ngo Cong-Lem  1 , Diki Tsering  1 , Melita J Giummarra  2 , Natasha A Lannin  2 , Nadine Andrew  2 , Sandra Reeder  3
Affiliations

Relationship between staff experience and patient outcomes in hospital settings: an overview of reviews

Peter Bragge et al. BMJ Open. .

Abstract

Objectives: This review aimed to investigate the relationship between staff experience and patient health and experience outcomes in hospital inpatient settings.

Design: Systematic review of reviews.

Methods: Searches were performed in Medline (OVID), CINAHL and Google Scholar using key terms from relevant review articles. The search was conducted on 28 August 2023. Inclusion criteria were systematic or narrative reviews in English from 2020 onwards, focusing on inpatients in hospital and related tertiary care facilities, examining the relationship between staff experience and patient outcomes. A review of reviews approach was used, with broad definitions for staff experience (eg, hospital culture, stress and burnout) and patient outcomes (eg, adverse events and patient experience). Independent screening and quality appraisal were conducted by two researchers. An evidence map of links between staff experience and patient outcomes was created. The methodological quality of systematic reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool and narrative reviews with the SANRA tool.

Results: From 2365 citations, 21 reviews (18 systematic, 3 narrative) were included. Review quality ranged from moderate to high. Mapping revealed 66 associations between staff experience and patient outcomes. Common associations included burnout, stress and fatigue with adverse events (six reviews); communication with patient satisfaction (four reviews) and teamwork with patient satisfaction (four reviews).

Conclusions: Staff burnout, teamwork and communication practices directly impact adverse events and patient satisfaction. These findings guide hospital managers and clinicians in improving health service policies and practices. Further research is needed to strengthen the evidence base.

Keywords: Hospitals; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Patient Satisfaction; Systematic Review; Work Satisfaction.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA flow chart. Source: Page et al. PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses
Figure 2
Figure 2. Simplified representation of the reported associations between staff experience and patient outcome parameters.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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