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Review
. 2024 Jun 4:5:e8.
doi: 10.1017/gmb.2024.6. eCollection 2024.

Establishment and perturbation of human gut microbiome: common trends and variations between Indian and global populations

Nisha Chandel  1 , Anwesh Maile  2 , Suyesh Shrivastava  3 , Anil Kumar Verma  3 , Vivek Thakur  1
Affiliations
Review

Establishment and perturbation of human gut microbiome: common trends and variations between Indian and global populations

Nisha Chandel et al. Gut Microbiome (Camb). .

Abstract

Human gut microbial species are crucial for dietary metabolism and biosynthesis of micronutrients. Digested products are utilised by the host as well as several gut bacterial species. These species are influenced by various factors such as diet, age, geographical location, and ethnicity. India is home to the largest human population in the world. It is spread across diverse ecological and geographical locations. With variable dietary habits and lifestyles, Indians have unique gut microbial composition. This review captures contrasting and common trends of gut bacterial community establishment in infants (born through different modes of delivery), and how that bacterial community manifests itself along infancy, through old age between Indian and global populations. Because dysbiosis of the gut community structure is associated with various diseases, this review also highlights the common and unique bacterial species associated with various communicable as well as noncommunicable diseases such as diarrhoea, amoebiasis, malnutrition, type 2 diabetes, obesity, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and gut inflammation and damage to the brain in the global and Indian population.

Keywords: communicable and noncommunicable diseases; diet and lifestyle; dysbiosis; gut microbiome development; human gut microbiome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Pictorial representation of the key aspects discussed in this review article.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Changes in the gut microbiota from pregnancy to old age.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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