David J. Jackson has received advisory board and speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Sanofi. Liam G. Heaney has received grant funding by Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Evelo Biosciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Sanofi, Teva, and Theravance; he has received grants from Aerocrine, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Genentech/Hoffman-La Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, MedImmune, Novartis UK, Roche/Genentech, and Vitalograph; he has received sponsorship for attending international scientific meetings from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, and Napp Pharmaceuticals; he has participated in advisory boards, and given lectures at meetings supported by Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Evelo Biosciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Sanofi, Teva, and Theravance; he has also taken part in asthma clinical trials sponsored by AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, and Hoffmann-La Roche, for which his institution received remuneration; he is the academic lead for the Medical Research Council Stratified Medicine UK Consortium in Severe Asthma, which involves industrial partnerships with a number of pharmaceutical companies, including Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffmann-La Roche, and Janssen. Marc Humbert has received consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Sanofi. Brian D. Kent has received educational travel bursaries from Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, and Napp Pharmaceuticals; has received research funding from Itamar Medical; has participated in advisory boards and/or received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Teva. Anat Shavit is or was an employee of Ast aZeneca at the time of this study and may be a shareholder/hold stock options in AstraZeneca. Lina Hiljemark is or was an employee of AstraZeneca at the time of this study and may be a shareholder/hold stock options in AstraZeneca. Lynda Olinger is an employee of Cytel Inc. and is or was on contract to AstraZeneca at the time of this study. David Cohen is or was an employee of AstraZeneca at the time of this study and may be a shareholder/hold stock options in AstraZeneca. Andrew Menzies-Gow is or was an employee of AstraZeneca at the time of this study and may be a shareholder/hold stock options in AstraZeneca; has received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Novartis, Sanofi, and Teva; has attended advisory boards for AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Teva; has participated in research with AstraZeneca, for which his institution was remunerated; and has had consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca. Stephanie Korn has received grants and personal fees for lectures and advisory boards from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Teva. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Medical writing support was provided by Laura Russell, BMedSci (Hons), and Vernice van der Merwe, MSc, in accordance with GPP 2022 Guidelines. This support was funded by AstraZeneca.

Patient reviewers on this PLSP have received honorarium from Immunotherapy for their review work but have no other relevant financial relationships to disclose.