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. 2025 May;19(2):523-530.
doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1791937. Epub 2025 Jan 9.

Moringa oleifera L. Nanosuspension Extract Administration Affects Heat Shock Protein-10 and -70 under Orthodontics Mechanical Force In Vivo

Ari Triwardhani  1 , Alida Alida  1 , Ervina Restiwulan Winoto  1 , Adya Pramusita  1 , Nurul Aisyah Rizki Putranti  1 , Kristian Satrio Ariadi  1 , Okso Brillian Pribadi  1 , Amelia Aisyiah Anwar  2 , Alqomariyah Eka Purnamasari  2 , Rifqah Ananda Mappananrang  2 , Putri Cahaya Situmorang  3 , Wibi Riawan  4 , Tengku Natasha Eleena Binti Tengku Ahmad Noor  5 , Albertus Putera Nugraha  6 , Alexander Patera Nugraha  1
Affiliations

Moringa oleifera L. Nanosuspension Extract Administration Affects Heat Shock Protein-10 and -70 under Orthodontics Mechanical Force In Vivo

Ari Triwardhani et al. Eur J Dent. 2025 May.

Abstract

Objective: The mechanical stimulation known as orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) causes biological reactions in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) needs pro-inflammatory cytokines to trigger bone resorption in OTM; nevertheless, heat shock protein-10 (HSP-10), a "Alarmin" cytokine, should control these pro-inflammatory cytokines to get the best alveolar bone remodeling (ABR). Moringa oleifera L. nanosuspension extract (MONE) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and ABR-stimulating properties. The aim of the study was to examine in vivo HSP-10 and HSP-70 expressions under OMF following MONE application in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Material and methods: A total of 36 Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) were split up into eight groups: one for treatment (OMF + MONE) and one for control (OMF + MONE administration for days 1, 7, 14, and 21). By employing nickel-titanium coil springs and using 10 g of light force per millimeter to implant the orthodontic device, the OMF was completed. According to the day of observation, all of the samples were sacrificed. To perform an immunohistochemistry investigation, the premaxilla of the sample was isolated. Tukey's Honest Significant Different (HSD) test (p < 0.05) was performed after an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) analysis of the data.

Results: In both the OMF and MONE groups, HSP-70 peaked on day 14 and began to fall on day 21. HSP-10 peaked on day 21, but along with MONE, it also began to progressively decline on days 14 and 21, with significant differences (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: According to immunohistochemistry evidence, postadministration of MONE markedly elevated HSP-10 but lowered HSP-70 expression in the alveolar bone of Wistar rats under OMF.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The comparison of IHC results shows an HSP-70 positive expression in the fibroblast of the alveolar bone of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) during OMF with 100x, 400x, and 1000x magnification by light microscope. ( A ) The black arrow pointed to the positive expression of HSP-70 in the compression side in each group. ( B ) Represent the positive number of HSP-70 expression in the compression side between groups. Data are expressed as mean±SD (n .7), significant at p < 0.05. OMF1 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 1 days; OMF7 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 7 days; OMF14 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 14 days; OMF21 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 21 days; OMF+MONE1: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1; OMF+MONE7: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1 to day 7; OMF+MONE14: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1 to day 14; OMF+MONE21: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1 to day 21; HSP-70, heat shock protein-70; IHC, immunohistochemical; MONE, Moringa oleifera L. nanosuspension extract; OMF, orthodontic mechanical force.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The comparison of IHC results shows an HSP-10 positive expression in the fibroblast of the alveolar bone of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) during OMF with 100x, 400x, and 1000x magnification by light microscope. ( A ) The black arrow pointed to the positive expression of HSP-10 in the compression side in each group. ( B ) Represent the positive number of HSP-10 expression in the compression side between groups. Data are expressed as mean±SD (n .7), significant at p < 0.05. OMF1 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 1 days; OMF7 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 7 days; OMF14 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 14 days; OMF21 : positive control group with OMF and PBS administration for 21 days; OMF+MONE1: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1; OMF+MONE7: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1 to day 7; OMF+MONE14: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1 to day 14; OMF+MONE21: group with OMF for 14 days and MONE administration from day 1 to day 21; HSP-10, heat shock protein-10; IHC, immunohistochemical; MONE, Moringa oleifera L. nanosuspension extract; OMF, orthodontic mechanical force.
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