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. 2025 Jan;11(1):e70153.
doi: 10.1002/vms3.70153.

Effects of Formula Product Injection on Hatching Parameters, Small Intestinal Development and Ileum Histology in Breeder Chicken Eggs

Oğuzhan Eray  1 , Gökhan Filik  2
Affiliations

Effects of Formula Product Injection on Hatching Parameters, Small Intestinal Development and Ileum Histology in Breeder Chicken Eggs

Oğuzhan Eray et al. Vet Med Sci. 2025 Jan.

Abstract

Background and objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of in ovo formula product injection on hatching parameters, chick quality, small intestinal development and ileum histology of breeder hen eggs.

Methods: A total of 400 fertilised eggs were obtained from the Atak-S parent flock at 42 weeks of age for the experiment. The experiment was designed in two groups: a control group (C), in which no injection was performed, and the other group in which a solution containing formula products at concentrations of 1.25% (F1), 2.5% (F2) and 5% (F3) was injected into 0.5 mL/egg air sac. The hatching rate, embryonic mortality and discard chick rate were examined at the end of the trial.

Results: The best result of the hatching rate was found in the Group F2, while there was no difference between the control and Group F1 regarding these parameters. The weight and length of the quality chicks were promoted in the Group F1. In Group F3, the injection of the formula product at a rate of 5% had a negative effect on parameters such as hatchability, embryonic mortality, chick length, Pasgar score and yolk sac weight compared to the other groups. Otherwise, in Group F2, there was a significant increase in villus height, crypt depth and lamina muscularis mucosa thickness compared to the other groups (p < 0.01).

Conclusions: As a result, it has been concluded that the appropriate rates for the formula product application on chicks are 1.25% and 2.5%, considering the positive effects of the 1.25% and 2.5% rates and the negative effects of the 5% rate.

Keywords: chick quality; hatching; ileum histology; in ovo feeding; small intestinal development.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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