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. 2024 Dec 30;17(1):72.
doi: 10.3390/polym17010072.

Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymers with Fluorene-di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole Units for Application in Optoelectronic Devices

Elisa Barbosa de Brito  1   2 , Daniela Corrêa Santos  2 , Taihana Parente de Paula  2 , Andreia de Morais  1 , Jilian Nei de Freitas  1 , Maria de Fátima Vieira Marques  2 , Sergio Neves Monteiro  3
Affiliations

Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymers with Fluorene-di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole Units for Application in Optoelectronic Devices

Elisa Barbosa de Brito et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Conjugated donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers are widely used in optoelectronic devices due to their influence on the resulting properties. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of the conjugated D-A copolymer constructed with fluorene and di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole units, resulting in Poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PFDTBT). The synthesis associated with reaction times of 48 and 24 h, the latter incorporating the phase-transfer catalyst Aliquat 336, was investigated. The modified conditions produced copolymers with higher molar masses (Mw > 20,000 g/mol), improved thermal stability and red emission at 649 nm. Furthermore, the resulting D-A copolymers exhibited uniform morphology with low surface roughness (P2-Ra: 0.77 nm). These improved properties highlight the potential of D-A copolymers based on PFDTBT for various optoelectronic applications, including photovoltaics, light-emitting devices, transistors and biological markers in the form of quantum dots.

Keywords: D-A copolymers; electroluminescent polymers; red-emitting copolymer; synthesis of conjugated polymers.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that this study received funding from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil). The funder was not involved in study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of this article, or the decision to submit it for publication.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic synthesis of PFDTBT copolymers (P1–P3).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Gel permeation chromatography curves of PFDTBT (P1–P3).
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectrum of PFDTBT (P1–P3).
Figure 4
Figure 4
TG/DTG curves of red copolymers (P1–P3).
Figure 5
Figure 5
X-ray diffraction analysis of red PFDTBT copolymers.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) UV–vis spectroscopy curves of red copolymers (P1–P3) with their respective emissions in a dark chamber (UV lamp: 365 nm). (b) Absorbance and photoluminescence (exc. 560 nm) of P1–P3 films.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Voltammograms of P1–P3 red copolymers. (a) P1 (y-axis adjustment—0.1 to 0.8), (b) P2 (y-axis adjustment—0.1 to 1.2) and (c) P3 (y-axis adjustment—0.1 to 1.8).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Atomic force microscopy images of P1–P3 copolymer films in chloroform; (a–c) 3D images of the films (thickness) and (d–f) images of the appearance of the films (roughness).
Figure 9
Figure 9
CIE coordinate of P1–P3-based devices.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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