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. 2025 Jan 11;26(1):18.
doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03940-0.

Risk factors for radial artery calcification in patients with and without uremia

Jian-Bing Hao  1 , Si-Yu Wang  2 , Tong Chen  2 , Bo Yuan  3 , Li-Rong Hao  2
Affiliations

Risk factors for radial artery calcification in patients with and without uremia

Jian-Bing Hao et al. BMC Nephrol. .

Abstract

Background: Calcification of the radial artery is one of the main causes of anastomotic stenosis in autogenous arteriovenous fistulas in uremic patients. However, the pathogenesis of calcification is still unknown. This study attempted to screen and validate the risk factors for vascular calcification in patients with uremia.

Methods: Serum of blood were collected and tissue samples from radial artery were obtained from 60 uremia patients with or without hemodialysis. General biochemical indicators and calcification-related molecules were collected and detected via ELISA or correlation analysis. In addition, pathological changes and calcification-related molecules in the radial artery were evaluated by HE or immunohistochemical staining.

Results: There were differences in total calcium, calcium-phosphorus products, allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), vitamin D (VD), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and soluble klotho (sKlotho) in the blood of uremic patients with or without hemodialysis. Furthermore, these factors are related to calcification of the radial artery. The expression of AIF-1, PTHR1, VDR, FGF23 and sKlotho was also increased in the calcified radial artery.

Conclusions: The levels of AIF-1, PTH, VDR, FGF23 and sKlotho in serum were associated with calcification of the radial artery in patients with uremia. Furthermore, calcification of the radial artery was further aggravated by abnormalities in calcium and phosphorus in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Keywords: Allograft inflammatory factor 1; Parathyroid hormone; Radial artery calcification; Uremia; Vitamin D.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital. Informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The calcification and pathological changes in the radial artery in patients with and without uremia. A, Pathological changes were evaluated via HE staining. B, Calcification was evaluated via the Von Kossa test. C, D and E, the expression of AIF-1/PTHR1/VDR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. No kidney disease, trauma patients without renal disease; Uremia-No dialysis, uremia patients who have not started dialysis; Uremia-MHD, uremia patients with stenosis of arteriovenous fistula after maintenance hemodialysis for more than 1 year; AIF-1, allograft inflammatory factor 1; PTHR1, parathyroid hormone receptor 1; VDR, vitamin D receptor
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