Speech-Language Pathologists' Experiences Working With Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Families: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Introduction: Evidence-based practices (EBPs) use evidence (external and internal), clinician expertise, and client/caregiver perspectives to deliver effective, individualized care. Each component of EBP is highly relevant and most effective when implemented together. Families with cultural or linguistic backgrounds different from the mainstream experience inequitable treatment across all disciplines. As the United States' population becomes increasingly diverse, it is paramount for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to obtain education and support to provide evidence-based, culturally responsive care.

Method: This study conducted a scoping review to determine what is known regarding SLPs' perspectives and experiences working with families or children with different cultural or linguistic backgrounds. Articles were included if they (a) contained empirical novel data, were available in English, were peer-reviewed, and were published; (b) included experiences of SLPs who self-reported that they work with children and/or families with cultural and/or linguistic backgrounds different from themselves or the regional mainstream; and (c) reported effects of cultural or linguistic difference on SLP service provision.

Results: Results indicated that SLPs encounter many barriers but often exhibit culturally responsive clinical decision making through the consideration of evidence (external and internal) and their clinical expertise and opinion. Multiple strategies for increasing culturally responsive care and areas that would benefit from further research and systemic change were identified.

Discussion: Barriers and solutions to culturally responsive care represented two areas of needed change: personal and within system. Though not all change may occur immediately, the present study offers suggested solutions for SLPs to implement in their clinical practice for increased culturally responsive care.

Supplemental material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28119836.