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. 2025 Jan 14;184(2):131.
doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05924-6.

Efficacy of the Roy Adaptation Model with smartphone training in reducing urinary tract infection in pediatric clean intermittent catheterization: a prospective study

Canan Sari  1 , Mukaddes Kalyoncu  2
Affiliations

Efficacy of the Roy Adaptation Model with smartphone training in reducing urinary tract infection in pediatric clean intermittent catheterization: a prospective study

Canan Sari et al. Eur J Pediatr. .

Abstract

Purpose: Study aimed to compare incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI), type of bacteria grown, development of antibiotic resistance over 2 years in children whose caregivers underwent training based on the Roy Adaptation Model with an android phone application for patients clean intermittent catheterization (RAMACIC) versus those whose caregivers received routine training in hospital.

Method: This study was conducted as a descriptive, prospective study with 40 patients and caregivers between October 2021 and 2023 as a continuation of a previously conducted randomized controlled experimental study by the researchers. Data were collected the "Participant Form," and "Urine Test Form" analyzed with the SPSS 22 package. Descriptive data were determined by number (n), percentage (%), mean, and standard deviation. The frequency of UTI between the two groups was determined by the Chi-square test, and the effect size of the data was determined by Cramer's V value of the Chi-square test.

Results: A significant reduction in UTI incidence among children of RAMACIC-trained caregivers during the first, second, third, and fourth 6-month periods compared with those under routine CIC training was observed (p < 0.05). It was determined that E. coli was the most frequently grown bacteria in both groups, with a higher rate in the group receiving routine training in the hospital, and antibiotic resistance was higher in the group receiving routine training in the hospital compared with RAMACIC.

Conclusion: RAMACIC, when administered to caregivers, effectively lowers the long-term risk of UTI development in patients undergoing CIC, also effective in reducing the antibiotic resistance that developed in patients.

Keywords: Caregiver; Child; Clean intermittent catheterization; Roy Adaptation Model; Smartphone; Urinary tract infections.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
workflow plan of the study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Sociodemographic characteristics of children and caregivers (participant form)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Sociodemographic characteristics of children and caregivers (urine test form)
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