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Case Reports
. 2024 Dec 14;16(12):e75708.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.75708. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Infantile Aggressive Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Proximal Femur: A Rare Clinical Presentation

Furkan Erdoğan  1 , Tolgahan Cengiz  1 , Şafak Aydın Şimşek  1 , Cahit Şemsi Şay  1 , Hüseyin Sina Coşkun  1 , Nevzat Dabak  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Infantile Aggressive Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Proximal Femur: A Rare Clinical Presentation

Furkan Erdoğan et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are aggressive, osteolytic lesions usually seen in childhood and young adulthood. The patient's age, location, and behavior of the lesion in the bone may cause patients to present with different clinical findings. Appropriate treatment of these rare, aggressive bone lesions is essential for recurrence. This case report aims to present the diagnosis and treatment approach in the case of an infantile aggressive ABC and to present the long-term follow-up results. A 14-month-old baby boy was admitted to the clinic with the complaint of difficulty in walking after a fall. After evaluation with advanced imaging methods, a fluid-filled cystic lesion and pathological fracture were detected in the proximal femur. After surgical treatment of the lesion, which showed an aggressive course in the follow-up, the patient was able to give a whole load six months after surgery. Although the ABC was aggressive in this case, it was controlled with surgical treatment and long-term follow-up. It should be kept in mind that ABCs in children, especially in the proximal femur, may be aggressive and may require surgical treatment.

Keywords: aneurysmal bone cyst; bone curettage; osteolytic lesion; pathological fracture; proximal femur.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Pathologic fracture in the proximal metaphysis of the right femur on the anteroposterior radiograph of the pelvis
Figure 2
Figure 2. CT coronal (A) and axial (B) sections show a 49x36 mm hypodense cystic expansile lesion with a sclerotic margin in the proximal metaphysis of the right femur
Figure 3
Figure 3. MR coronal (A) and axial (B) T2 sequence imaging showing a cystic mass lesion in the proximal metaphysis of the right femur with expansion and fluid-fluid leveling leading to pathological fracture
Figure 4
Figure 4. First-month control radiograph after pelvipedal cast
Figure 5
Figure 5. T2 hyperintense mass lesion with lobulated contour and septa formations increasing to 51x43 mm in size
Figure 6
Figure 6. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs intraoperatively
Figure 7
Figure 7. Postop sixth-week control radiograph
Figure 8
Figure 8. Sixth-month control radiograph of a clinically asymptomatic patient
Figure 9
Figure 9. There is no evidence of an aneurysmal bone cyst on the third-year follow-up radiograph, but he is followed up because of coxa vara
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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