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Review
. 2025;23(3):147-161.
doi: 10.2174/0115701611306375241211084246.

Promising Adventitia in Atherosclerosis

Maolin Qiao  1 , Ruijing Zhang  2 , Xuezhen Xuan  1 , Sheng Yan  1 , Honglin Dong  1
Affiliations
Review

Promising Adventitia in Atherosclerosis

Maolin Qiao et al. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2025.

Abstract

The adventitia, the artery's most intricate layer, has received little attention. During atherosclerosis, adventitia components undergo significant changes, such as angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, Artery Tertiary Lymphoid Organ (ATLO) formation, axon density increase, fibroblast activation, and stem cell differentiation. The reasons behind these changes and their contribution to atherosclerosis are beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize the adventitia components and their role in normal arteries and then discuss the changes, pathogenesis, and potential clinical application of the adventitia in atherosclerosis.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; adventitia; artery tertiary lymphoid organs; fibroblast.; pathogenesis; vasa vasorum.

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