Diagnostic d'un myélome multiple à immunoglobuline D Lambda avec une atteinte rénale sévère 10 ans après un plasmocytome solitaire : Un cas clinique et revue de la littérature

Abstract

Introduction: Immunoglobulin D (IgD) myeloma is a rare subtype often described as aggressive with advanced disease at diagnosis. Primary renal involvement is seen in scarce cases.

Observation: This case features a 55-year-old man with IgD lambda myeloma presenting severe renal failure at diagnosis. Examination revealed a 10-year-old sternal plasmacytoma and multiple others in the ribs. Despite benefiting from traditional chemotherapy, he remained dependent on hemodialysis Conclusion: Through this case, unique in the literature, we conclude that plasma cells secreting IgD can remain inactive for a long time in the form of a solitary plasmacytoma. However, in the event of medullary involvement, they can induce a myeloma with serious organic lesions.

Keywords: bone; dialysis; neoplasm; plasma cell; uremia.

Figure1. Curvature originating from the sternum and evolving over 10 years

Table 1. Serum laboratory results

Figure 2. Chest computed tomography scan sequencies: Sternal plasmacytoma (A and B), multiple costal plasmacytomas (C)