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Review
. 2024 Dec 24;11(1):e41439.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41439. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.

Metal-organic framework catalysed multicomponent reactions towards the synthesis of Pyrans

Subrahmanya Ishwar Bhat  1 , Chinmay Bhat  2
Affiliations
Review

Metal-organic framework catalysed multicomponent reactions towards the synthesis of Pyrans

Subrahmanya Ishwar Bhat et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) gaining increasing interest in heterogeneous catalysis owing to their advantageous properties such as superior porosity, high surface area, ample catalytic sites. Their properties can be tailored by varying the metal ions or metal clusters (nodes) and organic linkers. Magnetically active nano core-shell MOF composites are also discovered for easy separation and reuse of catalyst. MOF catalysed multicomponent reactions (MCRs) satisfy several green chemistry principles and thus can be considered as a sturdy step towards sustainable chemical synthesis. In this article, synthesis of biologically potent pyran scaffolds through MOF catalysed MCR approaches have been reviewed. Preparation of MOF catalyst, its catalytic performance in pyran synthesis, reusability has been discussed with reaction for each example.

Keywords: Heterogeneous catalysis; Metal organic framework; Multicomponent reactions; Pyran; Sustainable chemistry.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Corresponding author serving as an associate editor in Heliyon Chemistry. Other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Various pyran scaffolds.
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Synthesis, properties and applications of MOFs.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Er-MOF catalysed three component synthesis of tetrahydro-4H-chromenes.
Scheme 3
Scheme 3
Zn-Bp-BTC MOF catalysed three component synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes.
Scheme 4
Scheme 4
Zn-H2BDC (MOF-5) catalysed three component synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes.
Scheme 5
Scheme 5
Mechanism of Zn-H2BDC (MOF-5) catalysed three component synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes.
Scheme 6
Scheme 6
Amino-grafted MOFs [MIL-100(Sc) & CuBTC] catalysed synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes.
Scheme 7
Scheme 7
One-pot, three-component CoFe2O4@OCMC@Cu(BDC) MOF catalysed synthesis of xanthenes.
Scheme 8
Scheme 8
CoFe2O4@OCMC@Cu(BDC) catalysed three-component synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H)-dione derivatives.
Scheme 9
Scheme 9
NiCo2O4@OCMC@Zn (BDC) catalysed three-component synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H)-dione derivatives.
Scheme 10
Scheme 10
One-pot, three-component CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC catalysed synthesis of dihydropyrano [3,2-c]chromenes.
Scheme 11
Scheme 11
Mechanism of three-component CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC catalysed synthesis of dihydropyrano [3,2-c]chromenes.
Scheme 12
Scheme 12
Basu-proline MOF catalysed one-pot three-component synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes.
Scheme 13
Scheme 13
MIL-53 (Fe) catalysed three component synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]-pyrazole.
Scheme 14
Scheme 14
BAIL@UiO-66 catalysed four-component synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives.
Scheme 15
Scheme 15
Mechanism of BAIL@UiO-66 catalysed four-component synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives.
Scheme 16
Scheme 16
Cu-MOF catalysed three-component synthesis of one-pot four-component domino synthesis of tacrine derivatives.
Scheme 17
Scheme 17
Co-DAT‐MOF catalysed one-pot synthesis of 7,10-diaryl7H-benzo [7,8] chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-amine derivatives.
Scheme 18
Scheme 18
Mechanism of Co-DAT‐MOF catalysed one-pot synthesis of 7,10-diaryl7H-benzo[7,8][,]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-amine derivatives.
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